Collaboration of industrial and creative clusters in economy: essence, forms, features

In the conditions of modern economic development the general regularity consisting in integration of economic subjects on the basis of association or collaboration of production, research, engineering, educational and other agents is observed. One of such associations in economy is the cluster. In article it is shown that the category «cluster» was strongly enshrined in modern scientific and practical activities of Russia. However due to the lack of accurate scientific and legal study of essence and signs of clusters lack of uniformity in their standard maintenance is observed. It is noted that being complex and capacious concept, «cluster» is defined by various scientists-researchers as: geographically close groups of companies specializing on production of similar products or rendering services; geographically close group of the interconnected industries; networks of the enterprises and organizations and the related institutions within geographical boundaries; groups of companies, using identical production technologies and connected with other groups of firms on the basis of technology. Special relevance to this problem is given by that fact that budgets of various levels allocate considerable financing for creation and development of clusters. Therefore, need of formation of bigger definiteness for understanding of known category is dictated not only theoretical interests, but also practical activities, and also the purpose to provide possibility of an effective expenditure of budgetary funds. It is noted that clusters promote strengthening of coherence and complementarity of branches by means of distribution of technologies, skills, information and marketing, and, as a result, – to acceleration of introduction and development of innovations. In this connection it is possible to consider that development of clusters is one of the most important sources of long-term economic growth of branch, the region, country. Classification of clusters is presented, and also classification of industrial clusters on the basis of introduction and use of innovations is separately allocated. Features of creative clusters, types and forms of collaboration of industrial and creative clusters are presented. It is shown that there is an objective need for collaboration of industrial and creative clusters which provides due to mutually beneficial cooperation essential increase of efficiency of their functioning, growth of financial and economic indicators and image components.