π-Economy

RAR RUS 7-21 Kurcheeva Galina kurcheeva@yandex.ru Kopylov Victor viktorkopylov1997@mail.ru Digitalization of services to improve the quality of social infrastructure The article substantiates the possibility of involving the population to participate in improving the quality of the urban environment in the context of digital transformation. The study was carried out within the framework of the "Digital City" or "Smart City" concept, which is aimed at solving numerous problems of rapidly growing cities and cities with a large population. The article considers the possibilities of collecting and evaluating the opinion of the population from unofficial sources of information, namely social networks. Currently, this approach is used extremely limited due to the high costs of involving groups of analysts in the assessment. In the modern world, the most important role is played by the social space on the Internet. Notably, the most popular online resources are social networks. Sentiment analysis or text tonality analysis is designed for automated identification of emotionally colored vocabulary in texts and emotional evaluation of authors (opinions) in relation to the objects referred to in the text. The method has a great potential for application for monitoring, analytical and signaling systems, for document management systems and advertising platforms targeted by the subject of web pages. The process of monitoring the collection and processing of opinions of the population about the quality of life begins with forming an opinion about the quality of life and urban services of a citizen in interaction with urban infrastructure, be it public transport, healthcare, education, housing and communal services, ecology and others. Analyzing this information, it is possible to form a better modernization policy. A model for emotional tonality analysis model makes it possible to expand the capabilities of assessment tools used for managerial decision-making by involving the population in issues of urban environment management. As a result of the program implementation of the model for collecting and analyzing emotional tonality, actively discussed topics on improving the quality of the urban environment were analyzed. Variants of estimates are obtained. At the same time, processing of these data, for example, sentiment analysis, can yield refined estimates of indicators for the quality of life of the population. 10.18721/JE.15301 338.46 digital city emotional tonality analysis management information model parsing https://economy.spbstu.ru/article/2022.95.1/ 01_Kurcheeva%2C-Kopilov.pdf

RAR RUS 22-34 Gaisina Radmila R. Rizvanova Maria Features of digital interaction between government and business in the socio-economic system of the region This article presents the results of a comparative analysis of the systems of digital interaction between authorities and representatives of the business sector in various regions of Russia. The selection of territorial units for analysis was carried out by rating the subjects of the Russian Federation according to the level of development of public-private partnership. For each region, an organizational structure of digital interaction between authorities and business figures was formed with the designation of the electronic and digital tools used. The analysis of each system of digital interaction was accompanied by a study of the regional institutional environment: the article presents facts from the practices of public-private cooperation for each studied territorial entity. A comparative assessment of the experience of interaction between regional authorities and business representatives in the joint implementation of social and economic projects proves the asynchrony of the development of local economies and the uneven digitalization of regional management processes, and also causes the underdevelopment of forms of digital interaction in certain regions of the country. Thus, in subjects with a developed system of public-private partnership, there is an active penetration of digital technologies into the processes of social and economic cooperation between government authorities and local representatives of the business sector. Such regions, as a rule, maintain a qualitatively high level of information support for citizens (in particular, business figures) in the electronic environment. Territorial subjects of the Russian Federation with an actively developing system of digital government at the local level are an absolute minority. To a greater extent, the interaction between government and business in the regions is implemented through basic electronic tools and is not a fully automated process. The nature of the use of information technology is more often formal or organizational, as well as one-sided, which does not involve a direct dialogue between government and business structures in the electronic environment. The study of the features of digital interaction between government and business in the socio-economic system of a territorial entity also showed that regional public authorities with a fictitious institution of public-private partnership do not have actual experience in implementing joint projects with representatives of the business sector in an electronic digital format. 10.18721/JE.15302 334.01 digital technologies entrepreneurship government public-private interaction entrepreneurship support regional socio-economic system e-government https://economy.spbstu.ru/article/2022.95.2/ 02_Gaysina%2C-Rizvanova.pdf

RAR RUS 35-50 Borsch Lyudmila M. l-borsh49@mail.ru P-9937-2015 57191192862 0000-0002-9441-7696 V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University Burkaltseva Diana di_a@mail.ru

Vernadskogo Prospekt,4, Simferopol, Republic of Crimea, 295007

Polskaya Svetlana I. Evolution of macroeconomic instability against the background of global challenges and cyclic fluctuations The article formulated the methodological foundations for macroeconomic instability and the emergence of cyclical fluctuations under sanctions, put forward a hypothesis for the restructuring of a market economy through an import substitution system. The system of changes in the global natural process of development against the background of global challenges is considered, the system of institutionalization of the economy is analyzed. The object of the study is the processes that characterize an unstable macroeconomic system, violating the theory of cyclicality under sanctions. The subject of the research is the economic system and transformational changes against the background of macroeconomic instability. The purpose of the study is to improve the economic system as a natural process; identifying the features in its development. Materials and methods. The methodological basis for writing this article is the sources on the stated topic. The authors of this article assume rationality and irrationality for the processes, phenomena, internal and external factors that affect the economic system and its development against the backdrop of global challenges. The following approaches are applied in the work: institutional for the formation of competitive partnerships, the method of functional competition, the market approach in the formation of advantages over competitors, and the synergistic approach as a source of development and diversity of economic dynamics. Results. The methodology in this study is based on methods of economic theory, a set of techniques, approaches and principles for studying the economic phenomena in a dynamic economic system following certain patterns. A system of "competitive relations" is constructed to form the architecture of the process chain development of systemic interaction based on the theory of the development of the socialization of the economy with a shift in emphasis by the prevalence of the interests of the state. New institutional approaches evolve against the background of increased competition, along with a healthy competitive environment, which actualizes the research process. It is determined that management, as an independent object of the system, affects the subject, which includes complex actions of the entire economic chain, capable of providing a basic impact, which is a component of efficiency. The development of market transformations in the context of macroeconomic instability requires a modification of the competition mechanism and a definition of the concept of competitiveness of the national economy as an effective system of economic growth. Conclusions. Against the backdrop of globalization and processes, as well as the new packages of sanctions introduced, the development of the macroeconomic system in the Russian economy, completely new relations are being formed between business entities. A new management system is being created in all areas of activity and a new order, which requires changes after transformational processes, production relations at a new institutional level. The results and conclusions of this study can be used in the transformational, competitive and synergistic processes of industrial production in practice. 10.18721/JE.15303 330.101.541 macroeconomic instability economic theory globalization competition evolution cycles synergetic effect https://economy.spbstu.ru/article/2022.95.3/ 03_Borshch%2C-Burkaltseva%2C-Polskaya.pdf

RAR RUS 51-63 Nikolaev Mikhail fef-sp.ucoz.ru Makhotaeva Marina makhotaeva@mail.ru Comprehensive assessment of sustainability in regional systems The unfavorable socio-economic climate, combined with rising internal and external threats mean that an integrated approach should be taken to the task of sustainable development. Intellectual capital plays the key role in solving this problem. The goal of this study is to develop a methodology for a comprehensive assessment of the level of sustainable development in regional systems. An analysis of the approaches presented in the scientific literature has shown that the sustainability of regions in most cases is considered as a combination of economic, social and environmental aspects. In this paper, the traditional structure of the regional system is supplemented with intellectual capital, which acts as a driver for the innovative development strategy. The system of indicators for assessing the sustainability of economic, social and environmental spheres is substantiated. A system of indicators reflecting the human, structural and client components of intellectual capital has been constructed for analysis; intellectual capital is regarded as an intellectual sphere in this case. The paper proposes an integral indicator that characterizes the sustainable development of the regional system. The proposed methodology for assessing sustainability in the context of four areas has been tested on the regions of the Northwestern Federal District. Only St. Petersburg has high values for all components of the rating. The problems of underperformers in the rating (the Republics of Karelia and Komi, as well as the Vologda Oblast) are mainly due to environmental issues. The Kaliningrad, Novgorod and Pskov regions have a low stability of the economic sphere. These regions, as well as underperformers, have problems in the social sphere as well. The assessment of the connectivity of the four spheres "economy – social sphere – ecology – intellectual sphere" was made using a matrix of paired correlation coefficients. The analysis showed a strong relationship between the social and intellectual spheres of the regions, which confirms the thesis about the priority of investments in social infrastructure in the framework of the implementation of the innovation development strategy. These two areas also have a fairly close relationship with the economy. The environmental sphere has its own peculiar problems. It has an average level of interconnection with the social and intellectual spheres and a low level with the economy, which indicates the insufficient environmental friendliness of the economy of the regions of the Northwestern Federal District. 10.18721/JE.15304 332.142 intellectual capital region social sphere sustainable development ecology economy https://economy.spbstu.ru/article/2022.95.4/ 04_Nikolaev%2C-Mahotaeva.pdf

RAR RUS 64-80 55801324500 0000-0001-5877-9342 Volgograd State Technical University Merzlikina Galina merzlikina@vstu.ru

28, Lenina Ave., Volgograd, Russia, 400005

V-1094-2019 56968223000 0000-0002-0941-6358 Peter the Great St.Petersburg Polytechnic University Babkin Alexander babkin@spbstu.ru

Russia, 195251, St.Petersburg, Polytechnicheskaya, 29

Development of innovative partnership: from Co-working to Co-Innovation Innovative activity in the current conditions of fierce competition, digital transformation and rapid development of technologies is impossible within the framework of one particular company; cooperation is a must: we need the help of specialist consultants, analysts, manufacturers, marketers. For large corporations with resources and connections, innovation becomes burdensome, it is very difficult to engage in both production and research; there is a need to attract small innovative enterprises, start-ups that do not have financial resources, but have “ideas”, flexibility, and agility to organize the innovation process. Cooperation of various organizations in innovative activities is carried out in various forms, the most famous are: Co-working, Co-Location, Co-creation, Collaboration, Co-innovation; this calls for their comparative analysis. Cooperation in innovation activities is possible in the form of an innovation partnership (still underexplored). The purpose of this study is to analyze various forms of innovative cooperation, their differentiation, to determine the content of the concept of “innovative partnership” and its principles. In the process of the research, the provisions of the theory of innovative economics, management, enterprise, the scientific foundations of structural transformations, set out in the works of Russian and foreign scientists were used. The article presents new scientific results. The necessity of cooperation in innovative activity is substantiated, the possibility of using the concept of “innovative partnership” is determined, the essential forms of cooperation/partnership in innovative activity (Co-working, Co-Location, Co-creation, Collaboration, Co-innovation) are differentiated, their advantages, disadvantages, features of use are determined; the conclusion is made about the evolutionary development of forms of joint work. The author’s definition of the concept of “innovative partnership” is proposed: it is a set of relations between various participants (partners), the organization of joint innovation activities and labor and capital, fixed and not legally fixed, involving the achievement of the goal (development of an innovative product) and observing the interests of each of the partners. The principles of innovative partnership are defined: openness (transparency) of activities, equality and mutual respect of participants, focus on the final, common strategic result (innovative product), coordination of all actions of partners, compliance with the rules of teamwork (formation of an innovative team, distribution and coordination of the performance of functions), compliance balance of economic interests of all participants. Directions for further research involve the development of tools for assessing the effectiveness of each of their essential forms of innovative partnership. 10.18721/JE.15305 338 innovation innovation partnership cooperation joint innovation https://economy.spbstu.ru/article/2022.95.5/ 05-Merzlikina%2C-Babkin.pdf

RAR RUS 81-96 Koptelova Aleksandra V. Sobolev Anton I. Shvetc Sergey K. R&D projects are not only expensive, but also usually have a long implementation period, since they consist of various stages (phases). In addition, this type of scientific and technical activity is characterized by economic uncertainty and a high probability of obtaining unpredictable results and unforeseen losses. Thus, the implementation of R&D projects is associated with a high level of risk, and as a result the decision to implement such projects requires serious preliminary analysis and calculations. The purpose of this study is the process of risk assessment of R&D projects using the concept of CorporateMetrics. The value of CfaR (cash flow at risk) was chosen as a risk assessment measure: a quantitative assessment of the impact of external and internal risk factors on the cash flows of an R&D project under conditions of uncertainty. In the process of CFaR computational procedures, as a rule, the following tasks are solved: identification of risk factors that affect the cash flows of the project; 10.18721/JE.15306 338.27 innovation activity cash flow at risk (CFaR) Monte Carlo method intelligent systems https://economy.spbstu.ru/article/2022.95.6/ 06_Koptelova%2C-Sobolev%2C-Shvets.pdf