2782-6015 13 5 2020 1-157

RAR RUS 7-23 57200260200 0000-0002-6042-2657 State University of Management Pisareva Ol'ga o.m.pisareva@gmail.com Alexeev Vyacheslav vaalexeev@gmail.com Mednikov Dmitry dn_mednikov@guu.ru Starikovsky Andrey av_starikovskiy@guu.ru Development of intelligent transport systems in the Russian Federation: defining requirements and organizing the creation of information security testing grounds Autonomous vehicle technologies create new opportunities for the development of the economic and social infrastructure of countries and regions. Implementation of smart mobility projects, along with qualitative transformations in the areas of transport and logistics services, is associated with the need to identify and assess the risks of the widespread introduction of autonomous vehicles. The scale and intensity of digital communications in the operation of highly automated vehicles for various purposes expands the scope of road safety. Wireless communication is the main channel of information interaction between dynamic and static objects of an intelligent transport system, which predetermines formation of a specific set of threats. The increase in the risk of electromagnetic disturbances and deliberate impacts on the management of autonomous vehicles brings the analysis of information security issues to the fore. This requires an urgent start to develop new regulatory and technical approaches to road safety. The article presents an analysis of the current state of projects for the creation of national intelligent transport systems. The key characteristics of sources of threats and zones of vulnerability of the technological platform for information interaction of highly automated vehicles have been determined. The key requirements to determine the composition and develop the specification of the tasks of the testing grounds when testing the information security of autonomous vehicles are given. The authors generalized the experience of designing test sites and proposed their version of the process of organizing the development and implementation of such a project. The authors considered the whole range of tasks of verification and validation of the components of an intelligent transport system from the standpoint of ensuring the security of information interaction, taking into account the capabilities of the V2X technology platform in a 5G mobile communications environment. The authors presented recommendations on introducing institutional conditions to regulate the creation and certification of devices and technologies for information interaction of autonomous vehicles in the Russian Federation. The priority of the further research is placed on developing hardware and software solutions and technological regulations (standards) for information security, as well as on forming methods and tools for testing self-driving cars for various purposes in the Russian Federation. 10.18721/JE.13501 338.47 : 330.47 : 656.13 : 004.056 intelligent transport system digital technologies autonomous vehicles information security testing ground testing organization https://economy.spbstu.ru/article/2020.85.1/ 01_Pisareva%2C-Alekekseev%2C-Mednikov%2C-Starikovskiy.pdf

RAR RUS 24-37 Sleptsova Iuliia julia_sleptsova@mail.ru 57190411892 0000-0001-5866-3390 Central Economics and Mathemaytics Institute Russian Academy of Sciences Kachalov Roman kachalov@cemi.rssi.ru Shokin Yan yshokin@mail.ru Creation of an economic risk management system using artificial neural networks Due to the abundance and fragmentation of information in the digital economy, the risk management system of an enterprise and its socio-economic ecosystem should rely on such digital technologies, which can be used to gain time to assess and analyze changes in the economic environment. The purpose of this article is to formulate basic approaches to creating a risk level managerial system, including processes for identifying, evaluating and minimizing the risk level in management decision-making developed using artificial neural networks. Using the methods of operational risk management theory, system economic theory, algorithm theory, in particular, artificial neural networks, and immune response modeling, this study shows that the risk management system of a modern enterprise and its socio-economic ecosystem will be based on the principles of functioning of the immune system by analogy with similar systems in living organisms. We model economic risk management processes within four main interacting subsystems: intentional, expectational, cognitive, and functional. The principles that must be observed for the correct use of artificial neural networks in decision-making and for the accumulation of information about the level of possible risk are highlighted. For wide application of artificial neural networks in enterprises, it is necessary to reach a certain level in digital technologies. It is shown that to create a specialized operating system for managing the risk level of an industrial Internet of things (IoT), enterprise or a digital multi-party business platform as a whole may require a separate digital ecosystem. The presented research may be useful for specialists and managers of enterprises when creating risk management systems and management decision support systems using artificial neural network algorithms. The lack of development of the basic level of information technologies at an enterprise limits the application of the results obtained. 10.18721/JE.13502 336.6 risk level managerial system intentional expectational cognitive and functional subsystems risk factors anti-risk impact actions artificial neural networks https://economy.spbstu.ru/article/2020.85.2/ 02_Sleptsova%2C-Kachalov%2C-Shokin.pdf

RAR RUS 38-49 Zaychenko Irina imz.fem.spbpu@mail.ru A-5757-2017 35573556300 0000-0001-9375-0262 Peter the Great St.Petersburg Polytechnic University Kozlov Alexander akozlov@spbstu.ru; avk55-spb@yandex.ru

Polytechnicheskaya, 29, St.Petersburg,195251

Shytova. Yevheniia shytova.yevheniia@gmail.com Drivers of digital transformation of a business: Meaning, classification, key stakeholders The purpose of the article is to study the key drivers of digital business transformation in modern conditions that have formed in the national economy, identify and classify drivers in the formation of a digital business transformation strategy, and establish the degree of interest and activity of stakeholders in the formation and use of drivers of digital business transformation. In the context of the development of the digital economy, the issue of digital business transformation is becoming most urgent. Drivers of digital transformation are an important but not so well studied topic that requires special attention. The article describes the goals of digital business transformation and on this basis identifies a list of drivers of digital business transformation as driving forces that contribute to, and often force, the company to implement digital transformation. The identification of the most important and defining drivers of digital business transformation is made on the basis of a study of the corpus of sources in the national electronic resource eLibrary. The authors identified the key stakeholders in the digital business transformation processes based on the diamond model of M. Porter defining competitive advantages of the national economy. This model characterizes stakeholders at the macro, meso, and micro levels. Based on the model, the authors defined the key stakeholders of the digital business transformation as the main parties involved in the digital business transformation: enterprises, their strategies, structure and competition; related and supporting industries; the market providing demand; the industry providing supply; government. For the selected stakeholders, a matrix is constructed that reflects the degree of their interest and activity in the formation and use of drivers of digital business transformation. The article formulates proposals for creating conditions for digital business transformation based on the obtained matrix. The authors concluded that depending on the incentives and causes, a company can have various sets of drivers or driving forces of digital business transformation. In addition, it was established that digital business transformation requires a developed strategy to take the interests of all the parties involved into account. The authors identified the limitations of the research and the directions and ways of further work. 10.18721/JE.13503 338.24 (330.47) digital transformation digital transformation drivers digitalization digital transformation stakeholders https://economy.spbstu.ru/article/2020.85.3/ 03_Zaychenko%2C-Kozlov%2C-Shitova.pdf

RAR RUS 50-64 55801324500 0000-0001-5877-9342 Volgograd State Technical University Merzlikina Galina merzlikina@vstu.ru

28, Lenina Ave., Volgograd, Russia, 400005

Innovative development of a region: Essential Architecture of indicators Regional innovation is becoming the main factor in economic growth. The success of the innovative development of a region determines the competitiveness of the territory and well-being of the citizens living in it. The results of the innovative development of regions are statistically observable and measurable; for the assessment, various methods are used, including various indicators in different groups. The innovative development of a region is largely determined by the innovative development of the enterprises located in the region (other measurement problems). There is still an active discussion of the objectivity and correctness of these assessments. The article provides a comparative analysis of the methods for assessing the innovative development of regions used in the EU, USA, Russia and proposed by scientists. The authors studied twenty-eight methods, representing twenty points of view on the structure of indicators for assessing innovative development. It was revealed that most of the methods use from three to five groups of indicators, but without sufficient justification for the selection of these groups; the groupings are, as a rule, based on the “process approach” (which includes three stages: “input”, “process”, “output”), there are no indicators of the effectiveness of the innovation process, many indicators are scattered across different groups (for example, “financing”), which complicates the final assessment of the innovation process. There is no detailed definition of the concept of innovative development, the goals, objectives, criteria are not “spelled out” (perhaps this is considered optional for clarification, or generally understood). The article proposes to clarify the essential content of the concept of “innovative development of a region” as a balanced innovative state of the region, its innovative consistency, specifies the goals, objectives, and assessment criteria. A new architecture of indicators of innovative development of a region is proposed, which includes five groups of indicators: an assessment of innovative potential (the first is an assessment of the educational potential, the second is an assessment of the scientific potential), an assessment of efficiency (third), an assessment of the effectiveness of innovative development (fourth) and the formation and implementation of the regional innovation policy (fifth). The proposed architecture of indicators of innovative development presupposes the implementation of the principle of balanced management: a region forms innovative potential and uses it in an efficient manner (a balance of opportunities and resources); effective regional innovation policy is a balance “regulator”. 10.18721/JE.13504 332.1 innovative development of a region innovative potential innovative activity essential content balanced innovative state of the region https://economy.spbstu.ru/article/2020.85.4/ 04_Merzlikina.pdf

RAR RUS 65-81 V-1094-2019 56968223000 0000-0002-0941-6358 Peter the Great St.Petersburg Polytechnic University Babkin Alexander babkin@spbstu.ru

Russia, 195251, St.Petersburg, Polytechnicheskaya, 29

Tashenova Larisa Evaluation stages of digital potential of an innovation-active industrial cluster of the Arctic zone of Russia Formation and development of global information and economic society, digital economy and economy of the Arctic zone pose new requirements to opportunities and competitiveness of states, regions, organizational and economic systems, clusters and individual organizations (enterprises). Increase in their efficiency of functioning and development is connected with formation of such integrated structures as clusters. In the conditions of modern economic development, special attention is paid to issues of clusters digitalization as development of telecommunication technologies and their wide circulation, emergence and use of various cloud computing and digital platforms, enterprises actively and almost universally applying technologies of the industrial Internet of things, big data, artificial intelligence provided emergence of the global industrial networks which are going beyond the usual understanding of "industrial enterprise" and "cluster". Nowadays, there are innovation-active industrial clusters formed and developed capable to create, introduce and commercialize innovative products, use all advantages of industrial digitalization. Therefore, studying digital potential of clusters and enterprises in the industry acquires special relevance. The analysis of scientific literature showed that insufficient attention is paid to the research of the concept of "digital potential of a cluster". On the basis of the literature analysis and the conducted researches, the authors formulated the concept and specified the essence of digital potential of a cluster. The structure of digital potential of an innovation-active industrial cluster in the form of six structural components (subpotentials) is proved: material and technical; financial and economic; scientific; organizational and administrative; personnel; information and telecommunication. In relation to the structure of digital potential of the Arctic region cluster, the authors identified additional subpotential "infrastructural" and the indicators of this subpotential reflecting the specifics of the Arctic region. It is shown that assessment of digital potential of an innovation-active industrial cluster includes 3 main stages: substantiation of parameters (preparatory), assessment of digital potential (research), analysis of results (final). The presented generalized stages in turn are subdivided into 15 individual stages, for each of which there are indicators for assessment of digital potential of the cluster allocated. The final stage is the development of proposals to increase the level of digital potential of the cluster and, respectively, the level of its digital activity. 10.18721/JE.13505 621.319.23 digital economy digital potential industrial enterprises clusters innovation-active clusters evaluation stages Arctic zone https://economy.spbstu.ru/article/2020.85.5/ 05_Babkin%2C-Tashenova.pdf

RAR RUS 82-90 Danilov Aleksandr alexdanilov1993@gmail.com Silkina Galina galina.silkina@gmail.com Principles of industrial enterprises functioning under conditions of sustainable development The systemic economic crises of the late 20th and early 21st centuries determine the relevance of revising the previous priorities for managing industrial enterprises, identifying new opportunities for their functioning and development. Global changes in the business environment warn about the need for consistent adjustments in the production activities of Russian enterprises, the industrial ones in particular, and shift their goal-setting from optimizing the results of current activities to searching for and forming long-term strategies. The article substantiates that the concept of sustainable development, projected at the enterprise level, can become a theoretical foundation for the transformation of approaches to management. Sustainable development of an industrial enterprise is interpreted as internal changes aimed at its adaptation to the dynamics of the state of the functioning environment, qualitative changes in the structure, and growth in the quantitative performance indicators. On the basis of this concept, the basic principles of the functioning of an industrial enterprise are adapted: consistency, goal-setting, adaptability, continuity, differentiation, integrity, feedback, hierarchy, their content is disclosed. Changing business environment for industrial enterprises implies the search for new instruments for ensuring sustainable development, a balanced set of measures in which the use of resources and investments are aimed at achieving strategic goals. The result of the research is the proposed scheme of sustainable development of an industrial enterprise and the system of its investment support. The study of the principles and system elements of sustainable development of industrial enterprises shows that in the current economic realities, it is important to aim management activities at sustainable economic growth. The problem of measuring the sustainability of the development of industrial complexes and enterprises also became obvious, which creates the need for methodological developments in this area. The target results of investment support for the sustainable development of an industrial enterprise could be: a systemic increase in the competitive advantages of the products and their wider range, at least corresponding to the market demand with a focus on anticipating it, and introduction of new market trends, technological updates of the enterprise focused on reducing operating costs for production and delivery of the products to the consumer. 10.18721/JE.13506 338.1 industrial enterprise economic sustainability sustainable development development principles investment support https://economy.spbstu.ru/article/2020.85.6/ 06_Danilov%2C-Silkina.pdf

RAR RUS 95-105 7005476276 0000-0002-8228-3109 Peter the Great St.Petersburg Polytechnic University Glukhov Vladimir vicerector.me@spbstu.ru

195251, St.Petersburg, Polytechnicheskaya, 29

Kolobov Aleksandr Igumnov Evgeny Technique for optimizing a set of tools to improve the efficiency of a business system In the conditions of intense competition, of products of the Russian enterprises which determine rates and quality of economic development approaches to formation of business systems become the most important factor of improving competitiveness of the enterprise. Tools (methods and techniques) which are the cornerstone of the increase in efficiency of these systems allow to increase quality of products or services, to reduce expenses, to improve discipline of delivery without essential investment expenses. At the same time, various companies introduce these tools differently, in various sequences and combinations, which sometimes results in low effectiveness of these tools. It is connected with the lack of the formalized technique of the tool kit optimization increasing efficiency of a business system which will allow to provide the maximum effect in the conditions of restrictions for human and temporal resources. For this reason, development of a technique of the tool kit optimization to increase efficiency of a business system on the basis of maximizing the effect of the transformational project for a certain enterprise is represented a relevant scientific task. The business system of the enterprise involved in a multi-industry cluster structure acts as an object of the research. The research objective is the development of a technique of the tool kit optimization to increase efficiency and functioning of a business system. To solve this task, the authors proposed to use the methods of mathematical optimization. To form a criterion function of the optimizing model, the authors conducted a research on the efficiency of the business system tools on the basis of a regression analysis of results of 170 projects implemented by various enterprises in a multi-industry holding. To form restrictions, the authors evaluated statistics on duration of tools formation. COBYLA method was used to solve the problem of optimization with restrictions. The developed technique allows to increase the efficiency of implementation of transformational projects in various companies (for example, in terms of decreasing production costs) by 7–10% due to optimum selection of tools increasing the efficiency of a business system. 10.18721/JE.13507 658 optimization criterion function restrictions COBYLA maximizing effect of the project business system regression analysis development level https://economy.spbstu.ru/article/2020.85.7/ 07_Gluhov%2C-Kolobov%2C-Igumnov.pdf

RAR RUS 106-119 Rodionov D.G. rodion_dm@mail.ru Alfer'yev Dmitriy alferev_1991@mail.ru Sustainability of the optimal plan of innovative production of an industrial enterprise Production plan is the most important part of the system of operational and strategic planning of the functioning of an industrial enterprise, since it affects almost all aspects of its activities. Moreover, a scientifically grounded optimal production plan provides a significant increase in the efficiency of the enterprise. The authors show that the production plan can be considered as an integral part of the business plan for the development of an enterprise with a wide range of activities and, in a narrower aspect, applicable only to production activities. The task of forming a production plan for one type of product (new or outdated) involves determining the volume of output of this product within a given period of time and given resources. More complex and, as a rule, existing in practice is the task of forming a production plan for the case when an enterprise simultaneously produces both innovative (new) and outdated products. The authors presented and formalized the task of forming a production plan for an industrial enterprise simultaneously supplying both innovative and outdated products. The authors' analysis of publications and research made it possible to establish the effectiveness of the use of linear programming tools to form a production plan for an enterprise. Respectively, the purpose of the study is to form an optimal production plan for an industrial enterprise and to study its stability with respect to various factors. In the article, in terms of linear programming, the basic mathematical model for the formation of a production plan for two types of products is presented. An example of calculating the scarce sections of a production plan in relation to the resources involved in the production and the available industrial capacities is demonstrated. It is shown that the use of estimates obtained in the formation of the optimal plan allows one to determine the boundaries of change in the parameters of the objective function, as well as the boundaries of error for resource-constraints, provided that the formed optimal structure of the production plan is preserved. In turn, this makes it possible to develop a production plan that is resistant to possible changes during its implementation. As directions for further research, the authors see the need to solve the problem of forming production plans for an industrial enterprise under the condition of a nonlinear objective function or model limitations. 10.18721/JE.13508 65.012.25 linear programming optimization manufacturing innovative products industrial enterprise sustainability sensitivity https://economy.spbstu.ru/article/2020.85.8/ 08_Rodionov%2C-Alferev.pdf

RAR RUS 120-135 Necheukhina Nadezhda nnecheuhina@yandex.ru Mustafina Ol'ga V. ovm.70@mail.ru Tools for research and assessment of the consumer market potential in a transformed economy This article discusses current trends in the development of the regional (territorial) consumer market in the context of the transformation of the modern economy using Sverdlovsk Oblast as an example. The current socio-economic development of Russian territories is characterized by a special level of development of various segments of the consumer market and by a system of indicators that allow to get a real picture of the socio-economic development and well-being of the territory (region). The authors of the article prove that the consumer market is an important sphere of the economy of any state and a link between consumption and production balancing supply and demand. The modern consumer market is a special form of business organization developing in a highly competitive environment, while meeting the ambitious needs of business owners. The relevance of the chosen research direction is determined by the significant role of segments of the consumer market in the development of economic sectors, both in a separate territory and in the state as a whole. From the point of view of the economic concept of the transition period, the consumer market is the reverse side of commodity production, the basis of the market economy. This led to the need for a more in-depth analysis of issues related to monitoring the effectiveness of the development of segments of the consumer market in the region. The purpose of the research was to develop the authors’ conceptual position on the economic development of segments of the consumer market, which allows a comprehensive assessment of the potential for strategic development of the regional economy as a whole, and individual industry segments of a single subject. Based on the presented statistical data, the current state and development of the consumer market is analyzed, taking into account the current economic conditions of the region. The authors have sufficiently studied and summarized the theoretical positions of leading scientists regarding indicators that allow us to comprehensively characterize the level and development potential of economic entities in the consumer market. The study developed a conceptual position on a set of financial tools allowing to evaluate the results of financial and economic activities, as well as strategic opportunities of separate economic entities and industry segments of the consumer market of the region. 10.18721/JE.13509 657.312 coeconomic entity consumer market segments macroeconomic indicators financial indicators financial component retail segment consumer market segments macroeconomic indicators financial indicators financial component retail segment services https://economy.spbstu.ru/article/2020.85.9/ 09_Necheuhina%2C-Mustafina.pdf

RAR RUS 136-144 57212400451 0000-0002-9226-9829 Russian state academy of intellectual property Ustinova Liliya Roman Nikolay nicolasroman@yandex.ru Organization of a civil engineering business management system based on digital technologies It is possible to increase efficiency in the civil engineering sector, one of the most important sectors of Russian economy, with digital technologies. The need to create a business management system taking into account the aspects of its usage in civil engineering and applying civil engineering standards, digital technologies and innovative management approach is as relevant as ever. The interactions between the market participants via information systems help to create a qualitative management strategy. Nowadays, the developing and deepening computerization of civil engineering forms constant increasing standards of planning, design, construction and maintenance of civil engineering objects. Therefore, the information model of a project becomes one of the most important parts of the design stage. This article shows the principles of effective management and information model usage in a civil engineering project company. It presents a mathematical economic model of information modeling management for domestic companies based on analyses of their technical and economic indices. 10.18721/JE.13510 658.5 управление цифровая модель информационное моделирование зданий (BIM) цифровизация жизненный цикл строительство https://economy.spbstu.ru/article/2020.85.10/ 10_Ustinova%2C-Roman.pdf

RAR RUS 145-156 Borisov Aleksandr Chernat Irina Improving the estimation of the economic efficiency of innovative projects implementation Improving the estimation of innovative projects is a topical task for the emerging fourth period of innovation process management theories – the post-industrial concept of “Innovation 4.0”. The existing methods of estimating innovations are based mainly on the tools of the theory of investment efficiency, which does not take into account all the features of innovative projects. Consequently, the purpose of the study is to improve the estimation of the economic efficiency of the innovative projects implementation based on the formation of a system of balanced indicators. Scientific novelty of the study lies in the fact that we improve the estimation of economic efficiency of innovative projects through a comprehensive analysis of various aspects of the innovation impact based on a system of balanced indicators that allows us to achieve more objective results when comparing investment alternatives. Organizations that implement innovative projects can benefit from the study results. The study tested the strengths, neutrals and weaknesses of the organization under study based on the SNW-analysis. The following results were obtained: system of balanced indicators was formed for 4 key areas (economics, customers, internal business processes and innovations), taking into account 7 components: strategy, personnel, marketing, production, finance, logistics and information technology. As a result, 6 strategic indicators were identified that reflect the key aspects of the selected areas and determine the decision on the feasibility of developing an innovative project. The remaining 12 indicators will be used for the online monitoring of the achievement of the aims during the implementation of the innovation project. In the context of the development of the digital economy and the emergence of controlling systems at enterprises, using specialized programs, it is possible to compare the obtained indicators online with the organization’s strategy and determine the further direction of activities, i.e. to make the process of managing innovation more effective. The following software products can serve as a digital platform for creating a balanced scorecard: Microsoft Office Business, ARIS 7.0, Business Studio 2.0, and ScoreCard Manager 2005. Further research will be devoted to testing and improving the developed system of indicators at enterprises of the Vologda Oblast adopting innovative projects. 10.18721/JE.13511 338.242.2 innovations estimation SNW-analysis balanced scorecard controlling https://economy.spbstu.ru/article/2020.85.11/ 11_Borisov%2C-CHernat.pdf