2782-6015
π-Economy
12
5
2019
RAR
RUS
9-22
Karlik
Alexander
entman@finec.ru
Platonov
Vladimir
vplatonov@inbox.ru
Krechko
Svetlana
kre4kosa@gmail.com
Organizational support for the digital transformation of cooperation networks and the implementation of cyber+social systems
The implementation of the industrial cooperative networks based on cyber-social systems means a new stage of the digital transformation within the Industry 4.0. The core of such networks are the cyber-physical systems of manufacturing firms. However, the cyber-social systems represent systems of increased complexity relative to cyber-physical systems. They provide interaction between machines, human-machine interaction, interaction between independent business entities, as well as that of producers and consumers. The complexity of cyber-social systems requires the development of the new decision-making support. The article defines the directions of organizational and managerial innovations for the digital transformation of these complex industrial cooperative networks. The first one includes innovations that deepen the division of labor, mainly, the coopetition as an opportunity that is provided by the rise of information society. The second direction is related to the stimulation of organizational innovation designed to combine the physical and intellectual capital through the application of digital technologies. The criterion for success of innovation designed for the digital transformation of the cooperative network through the introduction of a cyber-social system is to achieve a synergistic effect on the resource flows. The article contributes to the methodology of analysis of the network as a resource allocation mechanism. It develops the conceptual model of interfirm network organization, according to which the cyber-physical system of industrial firms, machinery and equipment of which are connected via the Industrial Internet, maintains the movement of fixed capital flow. Then, this flow brings about the flow of working capital, which circulates in the wider Internet of things, via the interaction between producers and consumers of industrial goods and services. The model also accounts for the flows of intangible resources that enables these physical flows i.e. information, trust, intellectual and human capital flows. The proposed approach assumes the integration of big data generated by the digitalization of the production business processes, big data on consumer preferences, as well as quantitative and qualitative information extracted from the data stream on the consumption of industrial goods and services. Thus, the article outlines an organizational approach that allows to coordinate supply and demand for industrial goods and services by the mean of cyber-social network.
10.18721/JE.12501
334.7
Digital economy
cyber-physical systems
cyber-social systems
cooperation networks
new management methods
industry
organizational and management innovations
https://economy.spbstu.ru/article/2019.79.1/
01_Karlik-Platonov-Krechko.pdf
RAR
RUS
23-32
Vasilenko
Natalya
Environmental component of consumer preferences forming in digital space
The article is dedicated to the problem of the impact of digital technology on changing consumer preferences. We believe that the goal of achieving sustainable economic development in the context of resource-saving technologies is the key factor affecting the direction of development of the digital environment at present. The need for a reasonable compromise between maintaining the level of consumption and environmental activities mean that the environmental component has to be established as part of consumer preferences. Digital technology are used to solve environmental problems at two levels. The first level of influence of digital technologies on consumer preferences creates the digital environment itself and the institutional and technological prerequisites for its use. The consumer is involved in using the capabilities of the digital environment at the second level. The most important mechanisms of the second level are the impact on the consumer through digitalization of individual production functions, as well as various types of activities directly aimed at meeting environmental needs. The environmental component of consumer preferences forming within a separate function that has emerged as an independent type of economic activity has been considered using marketing as an example. The convergence of environmental and digital types of marketing has been confirmed. Ecosystem services also have a powerful potential for shaping the environmental component of consumer preferences. The features of ecotourism as an example of ecosystem services of a socio-cultural type have been generalized and the directions of its digitalization have been highlighted. An interpretation of internalization of external effects of consumption through routinized environmental consumer choices has been proposed. Environmental legislation and digital environmental
10.18721/JE.12502
330.163
digital technologies
digital marketing
consumer preferences
ecosystem services
eco tourism
external effects of consumption
https://economy.spbstu.ru/article/2019.79.2/
02_Vasilenko.pdf
RAR
RUS
33-43
Martynenko
Yulia
marj2005@yandex.ru
Development of DSS based on statistical methods for industrial enterprises in conditions of digital production
Digital production allows to reduce the time between an event occurring at an enterprise and the response to it because data collection and analysis with subsequent corrective measures are carried out automatically, without human intervention. The same speed and efficiency of analysis and formulating the response should be maintained for decisions made by personnel, otherwise the flexibility of the entire production system decreases. A solution is using decision support systems, which carry out model calculations and give reasonable recommendations based on relevant information, accelerating the decision-making process and improving its quality. A well-developed information infrastructure for digital production allows to construct decision support systems complementing the existing databases, i.e. DSSs are intended for extracting the data, processing them by the selected procedures and presenting the results in a user-friendly format. This reduces the costs for developing and implementing the system. Calculations can use the data characterizing various business processes of the enterprise, i.e., providing a comprehensive resulting solution. If the calculations performed by DSS are based on mathematical models, the user has to be competent in mathematics to correctly interpret the results obtained; this negatively affects the practical applications of such a system. At the same time, mathematical models can significantly improve the quality of decisions, so this problem should be solved when developing a DSS. We have developed a novel DSS model that detects hidden relationships between different indicators of the enterprise’s activity based on correlation and regression analysis, and, with their help, makes forecasts. The algorithm formulates a set of rules that translate the results of model calculations into recommendations that are understandable to users who are not familiar with the underlying mathematical theory. This expands the scope of practical applications of correlation and regression models for making practical decisions at different levels of the enterprise.
10.18721/JE.12503
658
decision support system
digital production
statistical technique
forecasting
correlation and regression analysis
enterprise performance assessment
decision-making
https://economy.spbstu.ru/article/2019.79.3/
03_Martinenko.pdf
RAR
RUS
44-57
Rusakova
Tat'iana
tatuana0310@rambler.ru
Essence and prospects for development of virtual labour market in Russian Federation
The paper considers a new type of labor market in the digital economy that is the virtual labor market evolving in national and world economies based on information and communication technologies. The virtual labor market is associated with virtual communications and a new specific commodity, information labor services. The potential for the development of the virtual labor market is the key factor largely shaping how fast the national labor market can adapt to the challenges of the external environment and the quality that human capital has as the main resource in the context of globalization. The virtual labor market is poorly understood in Russian literature as a systemic phenomenon; which makes the problems raised in the study particularly relevant and complex. The goal of the study has consisted in substantiating the systemic approach to analysis of the virtual labor market and its model currently existing in Russia. Review of the material given in the literature allowed to refine the set of categories pertaining to the problem, substantiate the term “virtual labor market” and choose the methodological principles for the study. Reliable and valid theoretical conclusions in analysis of dynamically developing new forms of labor communications can only be achieved by using the principles of systemic analysis. Identifying systemic and specific factors allowed to consider the virtual labor market as a subsystem of the macroeconomic labor market that interacts with the real subsystem. The most important component of this interaction, which is important for practical applications, is defining the boundaries of the virtual market. For the purposes of this study, the virtual market was limited to new types of labor communications between highly skilled workers and employers, happening through digital platforms. Analysis of the Russian virtual labor market was carried out to understand its adaptive potential. Based on the results of the analysis, we have formulated the key barriers that hinder its development. We believe that the measures proposed for eliminating these barriers may be useful in analysis and forecasting of the labor market. Most of the conclusions in the article are open for debate, pointing to new directions for further research in this field.
10.18721/JE.12504
331.522.681.3
labor market
virtual labor market
Internet
distance employment
information and communication technologies
information labor servicе
https://economy.spbstu.ru/article/2019.79.4/
04_Rusakova.pdf
REV
RUS
58-73
Mirziyoeva
Saida
agency@aimc.uz
Review and comparative analysis of national strategies in emerging market countries
The goal of the study consists in critical assessment of the best practices of a number of emerging market countries in formulating and implementing national development strategies. We have confirmed that national development strategies in the context of globalization are essentially, policies of survival of countries in fierce competition for commodity and finished goods markets, for advanced innovative technologies and foreign direct investment. This issue is particularly pressing in post-Soviet countries, including Uzbekistan, as after the collapse of the Soviet Union, newly emerged economies had an immense need for setting up an integrated system of strategic planning based on long-term forecasts of socio-economic development. It is because the strictly hierarchical structure for administrative planning which was peculiar to the Soviet management system was already obsolete, inefficient and unproductive. The paper argues that many countries are yet to find a comprehensive solution to their development objectives and are in a constant search for approaches and methods of long-term development that are suitable to their specific geographical and socio-economic conditions. However, this is not a straightforward task. Forming a comprehensive national development strategy, in line with the other arrangements, requires critical assessment of the past as well as the existing experiences of other countries. For this purpose, the paper analyzes the practices of several countries of Asia, Latin America and the post-Soviet space in developing long-term strategic goals of socio-economic development. Based on observations, the paper concludes that national development strategies should be grounded on rational calculation of actual potential, comparative advantage and real sources of growth of a country. Uzbekistan, as many other countries of the post-Soviet space, needs to complete the process of creating a solid regulatory framework of strategic planning and management, accompanied by active implementation of economic policies aimed at achieving long-term growth objectives. In particular, it is necessary to accelerate the adoption of the Law of the Republic of Uzbekistan «On Strategic Planning», to formulate a strategy for long-term socio-economic development and ensure that all medium or short-term sectorial and territorial development programs are coordinated with it.
10.18721/JE.12505
338.262.7
national strategies
strategizing
strategic planning
socio-economic development programs
long-
medium- and short-term plans
post-Soviet space
emerging market countries
Asia
Latin America
China
https://economy.spbstu.ru/article/2019.79.5/
05_Mirziyoeva.pdf
RAR
RUS
74-89
Fedosova
Tatyana
fedosova-tv@ya.ru
Masych
Marina
hamutovskay_ma@mail.ru
Borovskaya
Marina
borovskaya-ma@yandex.ru
Technology for assessing intellectual resources and results of intellectual activity
The article is dedicated to the important problem of development of technologies for assessing intellectual resources in the context of transition to digital economy and intellectualization of the professions. The study is carried out with the purpose of obtaining complete information about business objects and processes for subsequent modeling of reproduction and beneficial use of intellectual resources. The goal is achieved by solving a number of tasks: clarifying the concepts «intellectual resources», «intellectual capital», and «intangible assets»; study of the regulatory framework governing the evaluation of results of intellectual activity and drawing up a scheme for its assessment; identifying gaps and weaknesses in the existing technology for assessing intangible assets; systematization of indicators for assessing intellectual resources; development of proposals for the technology of assessing intellectual resources and results of intellectual activity. The study is conducted using system analysis, structural analysis of concepts and phenomena, aggregation, scheme simulation, which allows to comprehensively describe the nature, content and structure of the given objects. Review of scientific literature on the subject revealed that there are unresolved problems in identifying intellectual resources, the concepts «intellectual resource» and «intellectual capital» are often equated. The issues of determining intellectual resources, intellectual capital and their components, the nature and content of intellectual property and intangible assets are considered. A scheme has been developed for assessing the results of intellectual activity in intangible assets, analysis of limitations of its applicability has been carried out. The most significant limitation is the need for financial valuation of objects of intellectual resources, therefore, objects for which the value cannot be reliably determined cannot be assessed by this technology. The given technology for assessing the results of intellectual activity does not work in the higher education system. The system of quantitative and qualitative indicators for assessing human, structural and consumer capital of a university is presented. We suggest a rating technology for assessing intellectual resources in the non-manufacturing sector based on the approaches and solutions obtained. Materials of the article can be used for studies on modeling reproduction and beneficial use of intellectual resources
10.18721/JE.12506
330.14, 657.2.016
intellectual resources; intellectual property; intangible assets; intellectual property accounting technology
https://economy.spbstu.ru/article/2019.79.6/
06_Fedosova-Masich-Borovskaya.pdf
RAR
RUS
90-101
Popov
Andrei
ai.popov@yahoo.com
Soloveva
Tatiana
solo_86@list.ru
From precariatization to precarious work: theoretical understanding of paradigmatic concepts
One of the most pressing threats related to labor transformation is precariatization. It creates negative effects of diverse nature: economic, social, cultural, etc. Loss of stability generally has a negative impact on the quality of working life, especially on decent work and organization of its process. A relatively new phenomenon known as “precarious work” has formed, affecting both traditional and modern forms of labor relations. The vagueness and uncertainty of the current conceptual framework mean that a theoretical understanding is required for the categories “employment precariatization” as a process and “precarious work” as a result of this process. The study is based on the works of Russian and foreign scientists focusing on the precariatization, transformations in the sphere of social and labor relations, precarious work. In order to achieve the objective, we have used methods of comparative analysis, synthesis, summarization and scientific abstraction. The article focuses on retrospective analysis of the phenomenon of employment precariatization, justifying the increasing interest in the phenomenon in the public domain. We have revealed that despite the existence of a significant number of publications on the topic of employment precariatization, the concept itself is rarely defined in foreign literature. The emphasis in these studies is on destandardization of labor relations and the workers' vulnerability. Analysis of Russian-language literature allowed to identify three approaches to interpreting the essence of employment precariatization focusing on the evolution of nonstandard employment, its negative consequences and profound changes in the employment sector. We have considered the scope of the category “precarious work” within the framework of broad and narrow approaches. In the first case, this phenomenon is justified in terms of diverse negative effects on employees, regardless of the form of employment, and in the second, from the standpoint of atypical employment with low levels of social protection. Analysis of Russian and foreign literature showed a lack of consensus regarding the interpretation of the concepts "employment precariatization" and "precarious work". Due to this, based on the principle of universality, we have described our views on the essence of the phenomena considered in the context of transformation processes in the sphere of social and labor relations.
10.18721/JE.12507
331.5
employment precariatization
labor transformation
precariat
precarious work
labor market
nonstandard employment
https://economy.spbstu.ru/article/2019.79.7/
07_Popov-Soloveva.pdf
RAR
RUS
102-116
Sasaev
Nikita
msemsu@mail.ru
K-2674-2013
53875025500
Kvint
Vladimir
Lomonosov Moscow State University
Argument for development of processing and chemical production of gas as strategic priority of Russian economy
The share of natural gas processing in 2019 does not exceed 10 % of the total level of gas production (natural gas and associated petroleum gas). Besides that, about 30 gas processing plants (GPPs) are engaged in processing natural gas in Russia, while the world’s capacity is 1,800 enterprises. Experts of the International Energy Agency (IEA) predict a significant increase in demand for gas products by 2030 (more than 40 %), which confirms the prospects for development of this direction of the gas industry in the long term. At the same time, the key drivers of growth for gas chemical products by 2025 will be growth in consumption of helium (12–15 % per year), methanol (7.9 % per year), ammonia (5.85 % per year), ethylene (3.3–3.4 % per year), polyethylene (3.8 % per year) and ethylene oxide (4.7 % per year). From this standpoint, the goal of this study is to substantiate the development of gas processing and gas chemical production as a strategic priority for long-term development of the gas industry in the Russian Federation. To achieve this goal, we have assessed the current state and presented an analysis of strategic opportunities, threats, strengths and weaknesses (OTSW) of the long-term development of this direction in Russia. Based on the results of the analysis, we have formulated the strategic priority and presented groups of effectiveness (social and economic) depending on long-term implementation. To assess economic efficiency using the example of economic growth of the Russian Federation, we have carried out econometric modeling of autoregression with distributed lag (ARDL), whose evaluation demonstrates the positive multiplicative effect of exported gas chemical products (with ammonia as an example) on GDP growth in both short and long term. We have also confirmed that all groups of effectiveness of this strategic priority comply with strategic national interests and priorities.
10.18721/JE.12508
338
natural gas processing production
natural gas chemical production
strategic opportunity
strategic priority
efficiency
econometric analysis
strategy
national interests and priorities
economic security
https://economy.spbstu.ru/article/2019.79.8/
08_Sasaev-Kvint.pdf
RAR
RUS
117-129
Fedoskina
Lyudmila
ld0168@yandex.ru
Virtual labor market: Essence and prospects for development in Russian Federation
The relevance of the cluster approach in the Russian economy is substantiated. Its dissemination is associated with the adoption and implementation of a number of national strategic documents in 2008-2011, the provisions of which are currently being developed in the framework of the upcoming international forum Global Conference-2020 «Partnership for cluster development: creating the future». The retrospective review of development of the concept of lean production in the context of its applicability in the conditions of a regional innovation cluster is carried out. Analytical characteristic of the existing organizational models of the innovation clusters – as «anchor» territories of large hi-tech business as regions of concentration of small and medium innovation business as leading scientific and education centers – from a position of their opportunities and the available restrictions is presented. The principles of lean production presented in the modern literature are systematized and the most relevant of them for application in the regional innovation cluster – the principles of building the value stream and pulling are highlighted. A It is revealed that the system is pulling in an innovative regional cluster is fundamentally different from similar systems of companies operating outside of the cluster: there is a high dependence on the scientific component of production innovation cluster; the role of centre of competence increases the probability of a reverse drawing process, when the demand for the product occurs not at the consumer, but is formed by its developer. model of the principle of pulling in the value chain of products of the regional innovation cluster is developed. The model of implementation of the principle of pulling in the value chain of the product of the regional innovation cluster, which takes into account all the identified fundamental features of the application of these principles in the conditions of cluster formation. On this basis, the study of the characteristics of the application of the principles of building a value stream and pulling applied to different organizational models of innovative regional clusters. It is concluded that the application of the studied principles of lean production by the participants of the innovative regional cluster has a high degree of feasibility in any organizational model of the cluster despite the fact that each of them has both restraining restrictions and developing opportunities.
10.18721/JE.12509
338.242.2
innovation cluster
regional cluster
model of innovative regional cluster
lean production
the principle of pulling
value stream
https://economy.spbstu.ru/article/2019.79.9/
09_Fedoskina.pdf
RAR
RUS
130-141
Kalinina
Olga
olgakalinina@bk.ru
Firova
Snezhana
sv.firova@bk.ru
Planning of innovative activity based on management of strategic parameters of investment
The paper discusses the specifics of innovative management of an enterprise through the prism of strategic planning. An algorithm for strategic planning of innovative activity has been developed. We have proposed to use the network planning method, providing an example of its practical use. A special focus is on the strategy of selecting sources of financing for innovative activity of an enterprise, which allows to choose an investment source, a scheme of interaction with an investor and conditions for receiving investments for each phase of the innovation process. Modern enterprises develop and implement innovations in the conditions of constant uncertainty and variability of economic environment, which means that the existing methods and approaches to strategic planning of innovative activities should be improved, and new methods should be developed. Active development of the innovative component of the economy has a significant impact on intensified scientific research in the field of innovations and innovative projects. Even though the theory of innovation has been formulated with different areas and concepts developed within this theory, there is a certain lack of theoretical and practical works in the field of structural representation of strategic planning of innovative activity, involving management of strategic investment parameters through rational integration of strategic, innovation and project management. Indeed, considering the concept of commercialization of innovation, which involves obtaining some positive economic effect, the task of selecting sources of financing for an innovation and investment project arises. The integrative approach to management of strategic parameters covers not only the list of investment objects, but also sources of financing, which leads to broadly interpreting the parameter system under consideration and conducting research in developing project evaluation models from the standpoint of a unified view of capital investment and sources of investment). An efficiently functioning mechanism for investing in innovative projects that ensures strategic development of innovation through an optimal financing system necessitates finding ways to improve the methodological framework for evaluating the effectiveness of innovative investment projects to promote growth and strategic development of economic entities, which is why the study is relevant.
10.18721/JE.12510
330.322.12
strategy
plan
innovation
development
financing
https://economy.spbstu.ru/article/2019.79.10/
10_Kalinina-Firova.pdf
RAR
RUS
142-151
Kakaulina
Maria
beuty1@mail.ru
Methodology for assessing tax losses of regional budgets from illegal labor migration in Russian Federation
Issues related to assessing the budgetary effect of labor migration have acquired particular importance due to reform of legislative framework for attracting and using foreign labor. The goal of this study is to assess the damage from illegal external labor migration for the Russian budget and suggest measures to reduce it. The following methods were used fir the study: comparative analysis, systemic and structural method, design calculations, the comparative method. The main results are presented in the form of quantitative values of personal income tax losses from labor income of migrants employed in the informal sector of the Russian economy, as well as variation trends during the review period. The novel result obtained in the study is the methodology developed for assessing tax losses based on potential and actually received personal income tax amounts from labor income of foreign citizens, instead of scale of illegal labor migration. It was concluded that illegal labor migration makes a huge contribution to the GDP of our country but at the same time causes great damage to the Russian budget. In addition, the losses of personal income tax has increased by 60% in 2017 compared to 2016, because migrants prefer to work illegally due to increased complications with obtaining patents. To solve this problem, it is necessary to simplify registration procedures (passing examinations, obtaining patents) for migrants from neighboring countries (especially from CIS countries). Certain barriers should exist, namely: health status, knowledge of the destination country’s language, but the main function of these barriers should not be restricting entry. In addition, preliminary training of workers of specific professions is necessary in their home countries. This requires intergovernmental agreements legalizing such educational activities in a particular country. Refining the methodology by including calculation of insurance premium losses due to illegal labor activities of migrants in Russian Federation seems a promising direction for further research.
10.18721/JE.12511
336.226.112.1
personal income tax
labor migration
illegal migration
informal employment
tax losses
budget effect
resident
declared income
regional budget
https://economy.spbstu.ru/article/2019.79.11/
11_Kakaulina.pdf
RAR
RUS
152-163
Droganov
Oleg
Sokolov
Vladimir
Capital structure management and borrowing: features of russian economic practice
This study is dedicated to considering the problems of optimizing the capital structure by borrowing from Russian non-public companies. The paper substantiates why the Western approach to optimizing the capital structure and borrowing is inapplicable to Russian companies operating in conditions of closed business, often of a semi-informal nature. This inapplicability is due primarily to the difference in institutional structures of Russian and most foreign economies, as well as to the difference in approaches to doing business. In particular, a typical US corporation is managed by hired managers; the owners manage it indirectly by nominating their representatives to the board of directors at general meetings of shareholders, and the main interest of the company for most minority shareholders is dividend income and the ability to manage a share portfolio of this company, so as a result, they are interested in increasing the share value. It should be noted that the concept of market value of a company is much broader than the concept of cost of equity of a company and concerns not only public but also non-public companies, which, in particular, is directly related to the sources of financing of the company. Our study discusses the formation of the target capital structure, mainly of non-public companies, in the Russian economy, and analyzes the borrowing practices. Russian business is characterized by a combination of ownership and management functions. This is due to such features of Russian business as management of the company by its creator, or the immediate relatives of the creator, desire to conduct the most closed financial and economic activities, borrowing not only from legal sources in combination with possible use of shadow borrowing schemes. This means that a model should be developed that allows forming a loan portfolio that is close to optimal, based on the current goals of the company, taking into account all of the above features of Russian business. This publication presents an economic and mathematical model developed and adapted to form an optimal loan portfolio by Russian companies, often existing in semi-informal conditions.
10.18721/JE.12512
330
capital structure
borrowing
business
optimization
non-public company
https://economy.spbstu.ru/article/2019.79.12/
12_Droganov-Sokolov.pdf
RAR
RUS
164-174
7005476276
0000-0002-8228-3109
Glukhov
Vladimir
Peter the Great St.Petersburg Polytechnic University
vicerector.me@spbstu.ru
195251, St.Petersburg, Polytechnicheskaya, 29
Kolobov
Aleksandr
Tools for improving business system of multi+profile integrated structure of cluster type
Since the 2000s, Russian companies have actively begun to implement lean manufacturing tools. They allow you to identify weaknesses and reserves in the business processes of the company, identify their nature, identify the causes of competitive lag, giving employees effective options for corrective actions. Theoretically, their implementation is possible in any company, but in practice there are many features that impede the achievement of the planned result. For this reason, tools for improving business processes show different efficiencies depending on the conditions of their application. There are a large number of tools for finding reserves and eliminating losses in the production process – the construction of «lean production». They can be used individually and in combination with each other. This issue is especially relevant for multidisciplinary integrated structures, including cluster type. The authors of the article show the relevance of choosing tools to improve the organization’s business system, and search for points of growth in efficiency. A method for selecting a list of basic tools taking into account the typology of companies is determined. The company’s specificity assessment indicators are proposed that affect the selection of basic improvement tools. The considered methods of choosing tools for improving the business system have shown the relevance and necessity of using a list of basic tools. The proposed approach focuses on the choice of tools depending on the specifics of the business, the organization and composition of the products, which ensures the effectiveness of the changes, the rational use of time and labor. The purpose of the proposed approach is to formalize the procedure for optimizing the choice of tools for improving the organization’s business system in the structure of a multidisciplinary company. Improving the efficiency of business processes is the selection and implementation of one or more improvement tools, ensuring maximum enterprise performance, with restrictions on time and available resources for implementation and subsequent use (purchase of a software product, development costs, maintenance costs). The use of various tools to improve the business system allows you to select a balanced set of tools for a specific organization for solving actual business problems at the diagnostic stage. The universality of the approach used is presented in examples of various companies. As further research, it is proposed to describe the structure of the types of basic tools and the criteria for their application, to formulate a classification of all types of tools for improving the business system depending on the typology of the organization and the integrated structure.
10.18721/JE.12513
658
Business system
tools
lean manufacturing
integrated structures
clusters
business process efficiency
https://economy.spbstu.ru/article/2019.79.13/
13_Gluhov-Kolobov.pdf
RAR
RUS
175-186
Necheukhina
Nadezhda
nnecheuhina@yandex.ru
Mustafina Ol'ga V.
ovm.70@mail.ru
Concept of accounting and analytical support of sustainable development of the economic subject
The globalization of the economic space of the territories and the manifestation of innovations in all sectors of the economy determine the need to apply accounting and analytical support, as a prerequisite for sustainable and strategic development of the economic entity. The development of the accounting and analytical support system is based on theoretical and conceptual positions. Despite a sufficient amount of research, theory and practice in relation to the aspect under consideration, there is a need to develop a unified conceptual position that would take into account the sectoral peculiarities and strategic guidelines of the economic subject. In this regard, the existing theoretical and conceptual positions with respect to accounting and analytical support were investigated; strategic development priorities identified; formulated and justified author's interpretation of the concept of "sustainable development" of an economic entity; defined mandatory conditions for achieving the desired state of the sectoral economic entity; a model of sustainable development was developed in the context of mandatory components, which predetermined the concept of accounting and analytical support. Achievement of the goal predetermined the implementation of the following tasks: first, the stages of formation and development were investigated in relation to the concept of «sustainable development» in the context of definitions; secondly, the significant role of the economic subject in the general macroeconomic mechanism is determined; thirdly, the constituent elements of sustainable development are highlighted and the author’s conceptual view on accounting and analytical support for the sustainable development of a sectoral economic entity is formulated. The toolkit for this study was a set of scientific approaches, such as analysis, synthesis, comparison, grouping and generalization. To manage the sustainable development of an economic entity in the framework of accounting and analytical support, the authors propose to increase the range of information support, based on the needs of users of accounting and analytical information. The authors' general theoretical approaches are based on the results of critical analysis and generalization of scientific research and research, within the framework of the research topic. The formation of accounting and analytical support is a prerequisite for the sustainable development of an economic entity, which, in turn, is characterized by a combination of the applied methodology and tools to improve the scientific soundness of management decisions made in modern operating conditions. The formulated conceptual position demonstrates that accounting and analytical support today is the object of scientific knowledge and the subject of discussion, allowing to develop and improve the mechanisms of accounting and analytical work in the context of sustainable development
10.18721/JE.12514
657.312
sustainable development
economic subject
accounting and analytical support
management accounting
tax accounting
analysis
planning
control
income
https://economy.spbstu.ru/article/2019.79.14/
14_Necheuhina-Mustafina.pdf
RAR
RUS
187-198
V-1094-2019
56968223000
0000-0002-0941-6358
Babkin
Alexander
Peter the Great St.Petersburg Polytechnic University
babkin@nic.spbstu.ru
Russia, 195251, St.Petersburg, Polytechnicheskaya, 29
Kuzmina
Svetlana
kuzmina@spbume.ru
Zatravkina
Anna
anya.kiselyowa@yandex.ru
Implementation of validation activities by management of quality tools for digitalization
The relevance of this study is due to the changing requirements of regulatory documents to the activities of industrial enterprises, especially in the field of production of medicines in modern economic conditions. Currently, the processes of validation of industrial enterprises are regulated by a fairly wide range of legislative, regulatory documents, as well as documentation developed by the enterprises themselves. The difficulty in managing such documented information lies in the fact that a thorough analysis of the diverse and often conflicting requirements is necessary to ensure, on the one hand, the appropriate quality of drug production and, on the other, compliance with the relevant requirements, while ensuring their traceability and feasibility. The existing problems in the field of high-tech production of pharmaceutical enterprises, including to ensure the quality of production of medicines. The analysis of legislation, regulatory documents in terms of requirements for the implementation of validation processes necessary to ensure the effective operation of the pharmaceutical company in the field of quality management. The concept of management of the system of validation measures of high-tech industrial production of the pharmaceutical industry based on the use of software in the field of project management. The article is devoted to the choice of the optimal approach for the implementation of validation measures carried out at pharmaceutical enterprises in order to ensure compliance with the requirements of regulatory documents and quality management of production of medicines. The directions of further research the authors see in the development of a system of validation measures based on software and research on their basis. The approach under consideration includes determining the list of required validation measures of an industrial pharmaceutical enterprise, preparing an information base for the use of software, dividing the project into phases and using the MS Project program. This software allows you to carry out the necessary level of planning of the workflow, the effective allocation of resources in relation to the tasks and goals. The proposed management system is designed to ensure transparency of management decisions and ensure the success of the project within the framework of the formation and implementation of the system of validation measures of the industrial pharmaceutical enterprise of the national economy.
10.18721/JE.12515
661.12
project management
validation
phase
milestone
pharmaceutical industry
management of project
management of Quality
digitalization
tools
MS Project
https://economy.spbstu.ru/article/2019.79.15/
15_Babkin-Kuzmina-Zatravkina.pdf
RAR
RUS
199-208
Izmaylov
Maxim
max78rus@ya.ru
0000-0002-4144-4287
Kobzev
Vladimir
Peter the Great St.Petersburg Polytechnic University
emm@spbstu.ru
Polytechnicheskaya, 29, St.Petersburg,195251
Problems and prospects of implementation of value based management at domestic industrial enterprises
The article analyzes the possibilities of applying the innovative concept of cost-oriented management in Russian enterprises. The relevance of the study is due to the need to optimize the distribution of scarce resources in severe market conditions. Value-based management, or VBM, helps companies create competitive advantage by increasing business capitalization. Foreign studies show that this concept in relation to strategic financial management is more effective than the traditional accounting of profits and incomes. This is due to the specifics of counting – the VBM uses a more objective balanced scorecard, while taking into account all the functions of the organization, such as strategy, human resources and production. Especially important is the fact that, within the framework of the concept of value-based management, the setting of operational goals and the remuneration system are consistent with factors that determine the value of the company's assets, which makes employees responsible for the activities they control. The problem field of the study includes consideration of the peculiarities of doing business in Russia in the context of introducing effective methods of strategic management that could increase the adaptability of companies to market requirements. The results of statistical studies indicate that in Russia VBM was not widely used. The authors conclude that the main obstacle to the implementation of innovative management concepts are mainly «human factors» – such as the lack of top managers' interest in the development of this direction. The lack of understanding of the need to increase the value of assets permeates all levels of Russian companies, showing, among other things, that the wages of most managers do not depend on their contribution to the value. An important role is also played by the lack of necessary competencies and qualifications of financial specialists of the company for the implementation of this concept. Entirely, this calls into question the introduction of the VBM concept in the practice of Russian enterprises in the short and medium term.
10.18721/JE.12516
336.01
value-based management
capitalization of assets
innovation economy
methods of valuation of the business
competitiveness of enterprise
https://economy.spbstu.ru/article/2019.79.16/
16_Izmaylov-Kobzev.pdf
RAR
RUS
209-217
Antamoshkina
Elena
antamoshkina@mail.ru
Economic and mathematical modeling of food provision in regions of Russia
Conducting socio-economic analysis of food markets at the regional economic level involves assessing the level of food provision and self-sufficiency of the main types of agricultural and food products. The goal of the study is to develop a methodology and a formalized model of economic and statistical assessment of food provision and self-sufficiency of the regions. Groups of self-sufficiency indicators, calculated in cost or natural units of measurement, can be used for assessing the level of food self-sufficiency in the regions. A complex indicator is proposed: the index of self-sufficiency in food products (IFSS), taking into account the achieved level of self-sufficiency in various types of food products at the regional level. The threshold values of the indicator are established, allowing to classify the levels of food provision. An integral indicator, the index of food provision (IFP), which takes into account groups of indicators in the field of production, distribution and consumption of food products, was developed as a tool for methodological analysis. In order to analyze the differentiation of regions in food provision, an original methodological toolkit is proposed: a matrix of food provision, which allows ranking regions by level of food supply. The proposed methodology and assessment model have been tested using the example of the regions of the Southern Federal District (SFD). Based on economic and statistical analysis of indicators of food self-sufficiency, we have found that the index of food self-sufficiency in 2017 corresponded to the optimal level, and the indicators for Volgograd, Astrakhan and Rostov regions, the Republic of Kalmykia were also at the optimal level. The proposed method of economic and statistical analysis of food provision can be used when conducting socio-economic classification of regions according to the criteria of food provision in regional markets.
10.18721/JE.12517
338.439:338.2
food provision
food provision index
food provision matrix
assessment model
food products
rational consumption rates
self-sufficiency index
https://economy.spbstu.ru/article/2019.79.17/
17_Antamoshkina.pdf
RAR
RUS
218-231
Kazaku
Ekaterina
eev_isip@mail.ru
Zvereva
Elena
zverevaev@mail.ru
Assessment of socio-economic efficiency of investments in transport construction by Monte Carlo method including uncertainty
Deepening economic and social processes in the information environment on the one hand determine the need for timely development, and, on the other hand, provide an opportunity to introduce modern digital methods in the field of assessment and justification of effectiveness of investments in infrastructure facilities. Developing a railway network in difficult geographical conditions and remote areas involves significant investments, long construction time, and is accompanied by a high degree of uncertainty, which is why the study is relevant. The study presents a model of socio-economic assessment of effectiveness of investment for construction of promising railway lines, taking into account the uncertainty of the main dynamic parameters of the project. A cumulative criterion has been developed for assessing the socio-economic efficiency of investments, taking into account the uncertainty for the period of commissioning of the railway line. Analysis of uncertainty factors is carried out. The volume and cost of sales of the main goods transported by the railway line, as well as changes in migration inflow of the population for its service were chosen as the key factors. We have developed probabilistic model of cash flows, effects, results and costs in terms of the payback period of investments, taking into account uncertainty factors for the Monte Carlo method. We have introduced an algorithm of probabilistic assessment of socio-economic efficiency taking into account uncertainty of key parameters of the project by the Monte Carlo method. We have calculated the estimate of socio-economic efficiency taking into account the uncertainty factors of the construction of the railway line. The model of socio-economic assessment of investment efficiency with uncertainty reflects the specifics of the investment project and takes into account the probabilistic uncertainty factors, which provides more accurate and reliable estimate results than deterministic estimate. The results of the study showed that the volume and cost of goods at the time of commissioning of the railway line have the greatest effect on the performance indicators. The factor of migration inflow of population in the area of construction of the line has a minor impact. Due to high rate of return on investment, the investment performance indicator is more sensitive to selected factors in the early stages of assessment (up to 10-15 years). Furthermore, the payback period for the regional level, as well as the level of the enterprise is more sensitive than the payback period at the federal level. The results of socio-economic assessment of efficiency of the investment project showed high efficiency, quick payback and social significance of the project.
10.18721/JE.12518
330.322.54
digital space
uncertainty
uncertainty factors
aggregate efficiency criterion
Monte Carlo method
three-level cash flow model
socio-economic efficiency of investments
railway construction
https://economy.spbstu.ru/article/2019.79.18/
18_Kazaku-Zvereva.pdf