2782-6015
π-Economy
12
3
2019
1-201
RAR
RUS
9-19
Klachek
Pavel
PKlachek@mail.ru
Polypan
Kseniia
klp281280@mail.ru
Liberman
Irina
iliberman@kantiana.ru
Digitalization of economy based on systemic target technology of knowledge management
The paper deals with the problems associated with development of modern computer technologies for decision-making in the digital economy, as well as methods, algorithms and software for solving management problems and decision-making in socio-economic production systems. We have considered the basics of the systemic target technology of knowledge management in the digital economy, developed on the basis of the general methodology for creating hybrid computing systems of complex production and economic systems and a synergistic model of hybrid computing intelligence. We have discussed a systemic target model of knowledge transformation and decision-making based on semantic graphs, which allows to form a knowledge bank of innovation, research, production, economic and various other tasks. We have proposed an original approach to creating a knowledge bank based on the method of intelligent systemic target planning, which ensures automated development of decision support systems of various types and purposes in various subject areas. The main procedures of the intellectual systemic target planning method are considered: forming the structure of goals, achieving the goals set, developing the systemic target planning process, the scenario for solving the problem, etc. The architecture of the intellectual information subsystem CITAP is presented. The architecture of the software and hardware complex CENTER-C1 based on the systemic target technology of knowledge management is given. The proposed methodological approach and applied methods and models continue the approaches, methods and tools presented earlier: in the field of creating functional hybrid intelligent decision-making systems for production and economic problems that are hard to formalize (Vol. 12, No. 1 of the journal) and developing a synergistic research environment for modeling complex production and economic systems (Vol. 12, No. 2 of the journal), as well as completing a series of studies in the field of creating a technology for systemic target management of knowledge and decision-making in a digital economy, for virtually any kind of complex production and economic systems and allow to start practical testing of the proposed methods and tools. As an example, we have considered the task of creating an intellectual decision-making system in the field of digital risk management. We hope that in the conditions of the digital economy, the methodological and technological basis of the technology for systemic target knowledge management presented in this study can become a new scientific and applied basis for innovative development of the Russian economy, allowing to build a digital foundation based on the latest approaches to information technology, artificial intelligence, management of big data, etc.
10.18721/JE.12301
330
hybrid computing intelligence
production and economic systems
digital economy
innovation
mathematical modeling
synergistic model
https://economy.spbstu.ru/article/2019.77.1/
01_Klachek-Polupan-Liberman.pdf
RAR
RUS
20-34
Umaev
Egor
egorumaev@rambler.ru
Spiridonova
Tatiana
tv.spir57@mail.ru
Problems of formation of digital economy in France
The investment policy of modern France is aimed at ensuring environmental sustainability, building a knowledge society, improving competitiveness through innovation, and construction of the state of the digital era. Transition to a digital economy is not a fait accompli in any country in the world. A group of leading countries has formed, which are accelerating the transition to a new technological structure. Building a digital economy requires tremendous investments that need to be sought in the face of a total lack of financial resources due to the global economic shocks of 2008–2009 and 2014–2015. Study of peculiarities of transformation of the economy, emergence of new threats that cause economic shocks and social explosions in the most developed countries, including France, is of great scientific and practical interest. The problem of weak growth of the French economy, lagging behind other European Union countries in gross domestic product growth is revealed. At the same time, the country's population is steadily increasing, resulting in lower living standards. A factor threatening France is rapid growth of public debt. Significant French investments in the economy of foreign countries with the need for huge investments within the country against the background of rising public debt confirm the opinion of some French economists about the loss of control over the country's largest national companies. Initially, the digital economy in France was predominantly driven by the development of the online sales segment. This was due to search for quick measures of economic recovery after the crisis of 2008–2009. As a result, a modern digital infrastructure was created, which should allow France to accelerate the formation of fundamentally new digital industries. Despite the partially multidirectional dynamics, the total annual investment in French economy is growing rapidly. In terms of investment in innovation, France is the second country in the European Union and one of the world leaders. The study revealed the facts indicating that France is successful in implementing measures for transition to digital economy. The study found the features of the policy of the French government to build a digital economy, to identify the key trends in socio-economic development of the country in the global recession, to form an understanding of the impact of investment on economic growth in France in transition to the digital economy. The results of the study expand knowledge about the role of investment in the transition of the national economy to the next technological stage.
10.18721/JE.12302
330.322:004 (44)
digital economy
investments
investment policy
world economic crisis
France
https://economy.spbstu.ru/article/2019.77.2/
02_Yumaev-Spiridonova.pdf
RAR
RUS
35-46
Vatolkina
Natalya
Kuznetsov
Mikhail
kuznetsovmv@bmstu.ru
Development of structural and attributive quality model of e-services based on systematization of consumer properties
The article presents the results of systematization and analysis of the characteristics of the quality of electronic services given in the works of Russian and foreign authors. Analysis is based on our definition and classification of electronic services. Most of the existing models claim to be universal, however, they are focused mainly on hybrid electronic services, which implement only some of its stages in electronic form, primarily, choice and payment for goods/services, as well as interaction with the service provider. We propose a structural and attributive model of electronic services, which allows to identify key consumer properties in correlation with the components of the quality of electronic services as an object of management, i.e., the quality of the process and result of electronic services and the quality of the environment in which the electronic services are provided. The complex consumer properties of the e-service include: operation properties, ergonomic properties, reliability, safety, accessibility, emotional properties. We characterize the content of each property and offer individual properties and indicators of their components. The operation properties include information properties, functional purpose and properties of personalization. Security properties also include privacy properties. The reliability of the electronic service is characterized by correct technical functioning of the site and the accuracy of service promises, calculations and product information. The ergonomic properties include ease of use, structural properties of the website, service properties and properties of the service environment. Aesthetic properties include the aesthetics/design of the website. However, it can be concluded on the basis of research that aesthetic properties should be included in a new group of consumer properties of electronic services, emotional properties, which should also include the ability to create emotional benefits and new experiences, feelings and pleasure of the consumer. Availability, as the ability of the service to be provided at the request of the consumer, includes the properties of efficiency and inter-device/inter-platform compatibility. The presented model is universal and its further development is associated with devising recommendations for selecting a set of consumer properties and quality indicators for each type of electronic service.
10.18721/JE.12303
005.346:338.46
electronic services
service quality
consumer property
service quality model
https://economy.spbstu.ru/article/2019.77.3/
03_Vatolkina-Kuznetsov.pdf
RAR
RUS
47-59
Yamova
Olga
polo69@mail.ru
Efremova
Veronika
polo69@mail.ru
Improvement of methodological approach to assessing the competitiveness of enterprises in digital economy
10.18721/JE.12304
658
enterprise competitiveness
digital economy
innovations
innovation activity
information and communication technologies
https://economy.spbstu.ru/article/2019.77.4/
04_Yamova-Efremova.pdf
RAR
RUS
60-73
Polyakova
Polyakova A.G.
agpolyakova@mail.ru
Kolmakov
Vladimir
vladimirkolmakov@mail.ru
Mirzabekova
Marina
polo69@mail.ru
Network analysis of organization of socio-economic processes
The spatial organization of the national economy is changing. Network effects which are extremely difficult to identify in a multidimensional space are increasingly observed. In the digital economy, rapid identification of links with their subsequent consideration in strategic planning is possible based on applying algorithms for network analysis of big data arrays. Analysis of social networks originates in graph theory, however, it has only recently gained recognition as a research method. Development of algorithms for network analysis of large data arrays allows to build extremely large-scale networks of interaction of actors, for example, in social networks (Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, etc.). It is applicable to building diagnostic monitoring systems or identifying hidden dependences, which is well illustrated in the theory of “six handshakes”, Milgram's experiment, according to which any two people on Earth are separated by no more than five levels of common friends (and, accordingly, six levels of connections). Analysis of social networks can be used as a tool for content analysis of mass media and blogs to assess the popularity of certain ideas, concepts and images, as well as to identify the channels of their distribution. The study tested the possibility of applying network analysis and using the results for processing an array of large data obtained from social networks. We have created methodological developments for practical application of network analysis tools for the needs of strategic management, which have the potential to be used in integrated management systems. Successful testing of social network analysis tools for analyzing big data and developing a research algorithm available for replication in solving a wide range of analytical and search problems made it possible to identify sources of spatial consolidation and to establish that the method used makes it possible to obtain non-trivial results that track the dynamics of the problem field in the most mobile environment, on the Internet. It was revealed that there is a great potential in such solutions due to the fact that they make it possible to take into account the deployment of processes not only within the geographical space, but also to evaluate multidimensional links, defining sustainability and its boundaries based on the possibility of network reconstruction. The experimental study showed that using modern methods for analyzing arrays of big data and designing monitoring systems on them allows to further form the theoretical and methodological framework of a promising system for making strategic decisions and evaluating the performance of government based on the principles of reflection of final beneficiaries of social and economic policy.
10.18721/JE.12305
338
big data
network analysis
socio-economic development
spatial development
spatial economics
strategic planning
https://economy.spbstu.ru/article/2019.77.5/
05_Polyakova-Kolmakov-Mirzabekova.pdf
RAR
RUS
74-87
Alekseeva
Natalia
natasha-alexeeva@yandex.ru
Analysis of definition and essence of intellectual capital in economy
The article examines the development of the concept of intellectual capital. The article uses Russian and foreign sources of information from 1969 to the present time. We have revealed that the greatest interest in study of the concept of intellectual capital by Russian scientists occurred in 2000–2004. During the early stages, the concept was largely associated with knowledge, skills, experience and abilities of the staff of the organization. However, from mid-1990s, English sources started to separate a person as the bearer of knowledge, experience and skills from the actual intellectual capital. The concept was expanded to include image, business reputation, relationships with suppliers and customers, as well as patents, technologies and trademarks. This change occurred about ten years later in Russian scientific literature. We have found that an understanding of the structure of intellectual capital has evolved in 1996–1997. This structure contains the so-called human capital, which is based on knowledge, experience, competencies and skills. Subsequent development of the concept is associated with dividing it into other types of capital, which are subject to independent study. These types of capital are called structural capital, human capital, consumer capital. They are studied as separate concepts. However, many authors try to abandon these terms in formulating the concept of intellectual capital. This study showed that intellectual capital is studied as a property, a system of relations, capital, people, abilities of people and the results of these abilities, from accounting and legal points of view. A quarter of the studied definitions indicate that intellectual capital can bring wealth, advantages, added value, increase value, income, profit, increase innovation potential and economic efficiency.
10.18721/JE.12306
330.14.01
intellectual capital
human capital
knowledge
capital
definition
term
intellectual property
intangible assets
value
https://economy.spbstu.ru/article/2019.77.6/
06_Alekseeva.pdf
RAR
RUS
88-102
Palkina
Elena
elena_palkina@hotmail.com
Risk analysis for implementation of socio-economic development strategy in Sevastopol
Risk analysis is one of the most important stages of risk management. The impact of uncertainty on achieving the target state of meso-economic systems target state is an issue that has not been sufficiently studied so far. The paper is dedicated to estimating the risks of implementation of the strategy for socio-economic development of Sevastopol, which may negatively or positively affect the degree and effectiveness of achieving the city’s strategic goals expressed by forecast values of such complex key indicator as the gross regional product (GRP). The following methods were applied in the study: comparative and statistical analysis, synthesis, expert evaluation, method of «bow-tie», SWOT-analysis, matrix of probability and impact, method of paired comparisons, scenario analysis. We have identified and classified the risks in implementing the strategy for socio-economic development of Sevastopol, compiling them into a risk map. Strengths (internal, positive risks) represent the realized competitive advantages of the city, while opportunities (external, positive risks) are, respectively, unrealized potential competitive advantages of Sevastopol. Thus, the main task of implementing the strategy for socio-economic development of Sevastopol from the standpoint of risk management is to maximize opportunities of the external environment, to implement the potential competitive advantages using the strengths of the city, while minimizing negative risks. It has been established that the lack of financial autonomy is the most significant factor affecting the rate of implementation of the city’s investment potential and the growth of the GRP. Additional study of this risk allowed to determine the list of preventive measures aimed at reducing the level of its negative impact on the implementation of Sevastopol’s development strategy. We have analyzed the scenarios of formation and implementation of the city’s tourist potential and assessed its impact on Sevastopol’s GRP. The study showed that negative risks that may have a high impact on the implementation of the strategy for socio-economic development of Sevastopol are mainly caused by the existing weaknesses of the city, which are concentrated in the key strategic projections: Finance, Production, Ecology. Growth points of Sevastopol are based on forming and achieving the industrial, transport and tourism potential while simultaneously developing the city’s intellectual, scientific and technological potential. On the whole, the presented results of the analysis can serve as a basis for risk response decision-making by city-management in order to improve the effectiveness and efficiency of the strategy for Sevastopol’s socio-economic development.
10.18721/JE.12307
338.242
risk analysis
gross regional product
meso-economic system
tourism potential
strategy implementation
socio-economic development of region
growth points
formation and use of potential
https://economy.spbstu.ru/article/2019.77.7/
07_Palkina.pdf
RAR
RUS
103-113
Kazanin
Alexey
russia.scientist@gmail.com
Dynamics and prospects for the development of the production of hydrocarbons in us arctic territories (Alaska state and Outer continental shelf)
Arctic offshore deposits of hydrocarbons are the most important strategic energy resource for all countries owning them, and it is possible to assume with a high degree of confidence that practical interest in this resource increases as more accessible fields become depleted and a new cycle of growth in world oil prices begins. The article discusses the history of formation and development of hydrocarbon production in the Arctic territories of the United States, namely in the state of Alaska. The contribution of oil production to the state’s economy and to its employment structure is assessed. The historical and forecast dynamics of oil production in the state is analyzed. Special attention is paid to hydrocarbon resources located on the Outer Continental Shelf of Alaska; various quantitative estimates of the volumes of oil and gas in different parts of the shelf are compared; a conclusion is drawn as to their potential role in further development of oil and gas production in the United States. The state of Alaska is unlikely to put serious effort into developing shelf fields in the waters, primarily because such projects are expensive and unable to compete with very cheap shale oil and gas projects of other states. However, Arctic offshore deposits of hydrocarbons are the most important strategic energy resource for all countries owning them, and it is possible to assume with a high degree of confidence that practical interest in this resource increases as more accessible fields become depleted and a new cycle of growth in world oil prices begins.
10.18721/JE.12308
330
Alaska
USA
oil production
oil production history
offshore oil
shelf gas
Arctic shelf
Alaska's outer continental shelf
https://economy.spbstu.ru/article/2019.77.8/
08_Kazanin.pdf
RAR
RUS
114-124
Malevskaya-Malevich
Ekaterina
Leonov
Sergey
sergey-leonov@mail.ru
Cost management in quality management system at enterprises
The modern foreign approach to the problem of quality management, widely accepted, studied and applied in Russia, unambiguously links quality and competitiveness, because the size of profit and market value of the enterprise directly depends on it in market conditions. The article considers the mechanism of minimizing the cost of quality in the construction of a quality management system in the enterprise. Quality management is regarded as an economic problem and appropriate approaches and methods should be applied to solve it. From this standpoint, minimization of cost of quality can be expressed in the form of an optimization problem that consists in determining the function minimum under a number of constraints. The goal of the study is to develop an optimization problem of minimizing the cost of quality. The article presents a hierarchical management scheme in the quality management system at the enterprise, where three main groups of factors are the objects of management: product, production process and factors of production. In our opinion, the management process itself can be divided into two categories: analysis of available results and direct control action. We have also given a classification of costs for quality, constructed a scheme of interaction of elements of costs for quality in a quality management system at an enterprise, where the element of «preventive» costs is a key element in the cost effectiveness mechanism, since the costs of prevention can increase given stable relative costs of quality control and steadily decreasing costs arising from defects and the cost of quality in general. The article presents the optimization problem of minimizing the cost of quality, which is reduced to optimal distribution of the limited limit of allocated resources to improve the production process between different groups of quality costs, the task is solved by the method of dynamic programming. The optimal solution corresponds to a minimum of costs for quality with a different allocation of resources.
10.18721/JE.12309
330.135
quality
quality management
quality management system
enterprise economics
https://economy.spbstu.ru/article/2019.77.9/
09_Malevskaya-Malevich_Leonov.pdf
RAR
RUS
125-131
Zaitceva
Irina
ziki@mail.ru
Kameneva
Inna
innochka-kameneva@mail.ru
Economic and mathematical modeling of management of labor resources distribution at enterprises
The article is dedicated to distribution of labor resources between enterprises. Allocation of labor resources in an optimal way is a difficult problem. Solving such problems may be associated with developing new theoretical and methodological approaches to constructing a system for distribution of labor resources. Economic and mathematical methods of modeling and optimization can be used to develop such systems, which will make it possible to determine the requirements for qualitative transition processes, to improve the control laws and the software implementation of the developed models. We have considered a game theory model of distribution of labor resources by enterprises based on construction of a compromise set. Employees are represented by players who evaluate their appointment with a certain positive number (the utility for the player from the assignment received ). It is believed that the utility is the greater, the more the player is satisfied with the received appointment. The utility shows the degree of satisfaction of the player's interests. Utility values for players are represented by utility matrices. The distribution of labor resources is based on construction of a compromise number. As a solution to the problem, a compromise set is proposed. The algorithm for constructing a compromise set and its time estimate are presented in the paper. A numerical example of using the described algorithm for constructing a compromise set is given. The proposed model can be used to develop a strategy for distribution of labor resources both by enterprises within the same industry, and by different industries of a certain region. Applying the simulation should allow to properly balance the costs associated with hiring and firing employees. Economic and mathematical modeling of labor resources management expands the theoretical and methodological base for study of labor resources. The representation of labor resources management in the form of a system of economic and mathematical models allow to evaluate the existing patterns in using them. We plan to automate the models we developed and create an information system for analyzing and forecasting the distribution of labor resources. Solving the problem of optimal allocation of labor resources is one of the main directions in the strategy of innovative development of Russia.
10.18721/JE.12310
519.86
distribution of labor resources
management
economic and mathematical methods of modeling
game-theory model
innovative development
https://economy.spbstu.ru/article/2019.77.10/
10_Zaytseva-Kameneva.pdf
RAR
RUS
132-141
Klimova
Elena
elenaklisoc@gmail.com
Babkin
Ivan
babkinivan@spbstu.ru
Problems of reducing costs for maintenance and repair of equipment (using the example of a metallurgical enterprise)
The costs of repair and maintenance of technological equipment affect the cost of production of metallurgical enterprises. These costs, depending on the size of the enterprise and the nature of the industry, can add up to 40 %. Of course, the high costs of maintenance and repair adversely affect the economic activity of the enterprise and therefore the issues of reducing maintenance costs and improving the reliability of technological equipment are the key priority tasks of any enterprise. The modern level of technological development of industrial enterprises places high demands on the reliability of the equipment, as well as efficient and economical operation of technological equipment at minimum cost of time and money. The situation with the system of maintenance and repair in various industries is ambiguous. Two key factors come to the forefront in connection with optimization of technological processes and restructuring of all sectors of industry and internal divisions of enterprises: the technological equipment used and system for maintenance and repair of existing equipment. Due to financial difficulties, it is not possible to update the technological equipment used, so the maintenance and repair system becomes first priority in all industries. This problem has a direct impact on efficient operation of enterprises. The material proposed in the article is the result of studies in the field of management of repair and maintenance of basic metallurgical equipment. We have analyzed a number of factors from the technical and technological standpoints, arising in generation of costs for repairs and maintenance at the modern metallurgical enterprise, which in practice lead to insurmountable barriers in analysis of validity and transparency of the repair program, as well as negative impact on indicators of economic activity of the enterprise. As an example, the study compared individual elements of the system of maintenance and repairs developed in the USSR.
10.18721/JE.12311
658.51
costs
repair
maintenance
equipment
metallurgical enterprises
https://economy.spbstu.ru/article/2019.77.11/
11_Klimova-Babkin.pdf
RAR
RUS
142-152
Nechaeva
Marina
khalyavina.mar@yandex.ru
Improvement of management of base stations of mobile operators in market conditions
The study considers the issues related to improving the cost efficiency management for the infrastructure of mobile operators. We have discussed the economic relations of mobile operators connected with assessment of organization and management taking into account modern requirements of functioning and development of the competitive market. Detailed analysis has been carried out for the market situation and methods of determining the performance efficiency of mobile operators. A uniform model of organization and management has been formed. The main focus is on constructing a testing algorithm influencing the organization and management of infrastructure facilities of mobile operators and the success of rendering good-quality communication services. Detailed analysis of the market’s conditions and the prospects of its development has been carried out. We have developed original methodical tools for organization and management of cost efficiency using the example of base stations of mobile operators. The data of the study should be useful to mobile operators for assessing the competitiveness and making effective management decisions. The results obtained can also become a basis for further studies in economy of cellular communication. We have offered methodological provisions for managing the key parameters characterizing mobile services in the conditions of the regional market when using the testing algorithm. Defining the stages of management could make it possible for the organizations providing mobile service to hold a more competitive position and to reduce economic losses. We have offered an algorithm determining the economic feasibility for studying the financial performance of mobile operators. We have found two stages providing the cost-effective position of mobile operators: stage 1, where the qualitative effect of the type of base stations on the volume of income of mobile operators is assessed, and stage 2, where the model for approximating the given time series is determined and an optimum forecasting method is chosen. The influence depends on the competitive status and the potential directions for management of infrastructure of mobile services.
10.18721/JE.12312
338.46
market of mobile communication
infrastructure of mobile operators
feasibility analysis
forecasting
economic-mathematical modeling
https://economy.spbstu.ru/article/2019.77.12/
12_Nechaeva.pdf
RAR
RUS
153-161
Vasetskaia
Natal'ia
vno@spbstu.ru
7005476276
0000-0002-8228-3109
Glukhov
Vladimir
Peter the Great St.Petersburg Polytechnic University
vicerector.me@spbstu.ru
195251, St.Petersburg, Polytechnicheskaya, 29
Activities of university in cluster structure based on Cobb–Douglas
The degree of economic development of any country is determined by the level of development of production. The process of production of products (tangible and intangible) is associated with consumption of a variety of resources, which include everything that is necessary for production activities, i.e., raw materials, labor, energy, equipment, etc. The Cobb–Douglas production function reflects the dependence of the volume of production on the factors of production that create it, while being relatively simple, universal and adequate. We have constructed a two-factor Cobb–Douglas production function based on statistical data of one of St. Petersburg’s national research universities for 2008-2017. We have chosen the value of the total income of the university from all activities (education, research and other income-generating activities) as an indicator of the volume of production and the real cost of fixed assets (machinery and equipment) of the university and the average monthly salary of a fulltime employee as factors of production. The following coefficients of the production function have been obtained: the total index of technological productivity of factors, the coefficient of technological elasticity of capital, the coefficient of technological elasticity of labor. Analysis of these coefficients has revealed fund-saving (extensive) growth for the university in 2008–2017; extended reproduction of production factors was also observed in that period. We have established that the values of the given coefficients differ slightly. This indicates that technical re-equipment, as well as increase in the average monthly salary of an employee are equal factors in the production process of the university. A set of isoquants forming a map of the isoquants obtained at different values of the output volume (university income) has been constructed. In the future, it is planned to modify the two-factor Cobb–Douglas function for current conditions of socio-economic development due to the fact that in practice there is no direct relationship between the factors of production and production volumes and a quality product cannot always be obtained without a sufficient amount of necessary fixed assets but with a larger number of employees.
10.18721/JE.12313
37.014.54
Cobb–Douglas production function
cluster
University
income
capital
fixed assets
resources
average monthly salary
https://economy.spbstu.ru/article/2019.77.13/
13_Vasetskaya-Gluhov.pdf
RAR
RUS
162-171
Skvortsova
Inga
ingavik@mail.ru
Nurulin
Yury
yury.nurulin@gmail.com
Problem of accelerating innovation at preincubation stage
The goal of the article is to analyze the functions and structure of the innovation system in order to find ways to reduce the time for implementation of innovations. The main focus is on the pre-incubation stage of the life cycle, where the potential for innovative development is formed. To effectively influence the dynamics of innovation, participants of the innovation process should be able to use specialized infrastructure elements of the system, as well as have a set of appropriate impact tools. If these elements are absent, the necessary quality of the innovation system cannot be achieved. Existing models of innovative processes reflect the innovation process from static standpoints, while it is implemented within the framework of a dynamic system. The dynamics of the process is implicitly reflected in the form of logical chains of interaction between the elements of the model, including feedback. Analysis of the most popular models allowed to highlight feedback as a key structural element of the system, which largely determines the dynamics of the innovation process. The results of monitoring of innovative systems have been considered, and the main elements which form the necessary feedback at various stages of the life cycle of innovations have been identified. It is shown that absence of specialized infrastructural elements of innovative systems that could provide end-to-end feedback at the pre-incubation stage is a deterrent to accelerated innovation. Requirements for the functions of such elements and ways of implementing these functions are formulated. A systematic approach to solving the problem of accelerating the innovation process requires coordinated changes in all elements of the innovation system, including the behavior of subjects of innovation. Systemic measures to accelerate innovation should involve concerted efforts to create specialized infrastructure elements for testing innovative products and services.
10.18721/JE.12314
338.23
innovative system
life cycle of innovations
innovative infrastructures
models of innovative process
innovation dynamics
https://economy.spbstu.ru/article/2019.77.14/
14_Skvortsova-Nurulin.pdf
RAR
RUS
172-186
Lipuntsov
Iurii
lipuntsov@econ.msu.ru
Organization of information exchange of digital economy agents based on ontological description of subject area
Most sectors of the economy have gone through an elementary stage of informatization. Most organizations use information systems designed to carry out information support activities but are not focused on information interaction. Creating a system of interaction should be based on comprehensive analysis of the business logic presented in the systems of data sources. The paper considers a variant of the warehouse data model with ontological modeling methods used as a methodological base. The central role in constructing such models should be played by subject matter experts. At the first stage, an ontology of data sources is created, and then a combined ontology. A schematic representation of the domain ontology in the study is proposed in the form of a hierarchy that includes two categories of components: primary basic components and derived basic components. The logical model of storage is built using the Data Vault method. The methodology for compiling a data model of a repository includes the following steps: analyzing source data models, creating a graphical representation of ontology for sources, creating a graphical representation of a unified ontology, creating a data model of the repository. The paper reflects the practical aspects of implementation of the information exchange obtained in projects in various subject areas. The given sequence of actions for creating a data warehouse model as a basis for information exchange can be used to organize the interaction of systems in both the corporate and the public sector. A specific feature of projects for data integration in the public sector is the responsibility of data producers for personal data safety. The model presented meets the requirements.
10.18721/JE.12315
338.2; 004.652
information modeling
data warehouse
information exchange
data standardization
domain ontology
basic components
https://economy.spbstu.ru/article/2019.77.15/
15_Lipuntsov.pdf
RAR
RUS
187-199
Byankin
Anton
anton.byankin@yandex.ru
Burdakova
Galina
galinabu@rambler.ru
Formation of competences of technology entrepreneurship based on the «triple helix» model
Technological entrepreneurship is one of the mechanisms for creating a regional innovation system, which is especially important for the Russian Far East. In modern conditions, the most productive formation of regional innovation systems takes place within the framework of the triple helix model. Higher education institutions are a key element; they are seen as centers of innovation and regional development, ensuring integration of educational, research and entrepreneurial activities. The innovative vector of development imposes special requirements on formation of technological skills and specific economic knowledge. All actors of the triple helix model, i.e., the state, business, higher education institutions participate in forming technological entrepreneurship competence. However, the large number of research and development projects created at universities contrasts sharply with the small number of inventions brought to commercial use. The difficulties that arise in this sphere are manifested to a greater extent during commercialization of scientific and technical developments. The goal of the study is to develop proposals for forming technological entrepreneurship competences in higher education institutions. We have found that the dominant role in the interaction of actors in the triple helix model belongs to the entrepreneurial university as a key element in forming relevant knowledge and skills. We have established that forming technological entrepreneurship competences becomes synchronized with research and educational activities. Based on expert estimates, we have substantiated the professional competences required for innovative entrepreneurs for planning, creating and developing high-tech businesses. We have offered a mechanism for forming competences of technological entrepreneurship that is best adapted to conditions of the local university. We have developed and substantiated specific proposals for forming competences, including consistent implementation of the optional interdisciplinary module "Entrepreneurship" in the educational process. It is proposed to create a "project office" as part of the educational and methodological management of the university. The results of the study and the recommendations developed on their basis can be used in practice for forming technological entrepreneurship competences in higher education institutions.
10.18721/JE.12316
332.146.2
тriple helix
technological entrepreneurship
higher education institution
formation of entrepreneurship competencies
https://economy.spbstu.ru/article/2019.77.16/
16_Byankin-Burdakova.pdf