2782-6015 10 5 2017

RAR RUS 9-22 V-1094-2019 56968223000 0000-0002-0941-6358 Peter the Great St.Petersburg Polytechnic University Babkin Alexander babkin@spbstu.ru

Russia, 195251, St.Petersburg, Polytechnicheskaya, 29

P-9937-2015 57191192862 0000-0002-9441-7696 V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University Burkaltseva Diana di_a@mail.ru

Vernadskogo Prospekt,4, Simferopol, Republic of Crimea, 295007

57211165463 0000-0002-5040-0841 Voronezh State Agricultural University Pshenichnikov Wladislav wladwp@yandex.ru

str.Mitchurina, 1, Voronezh, 394087

Tyulin Andrei tyulin.andrey@mail.ru Cryptocurrency and blockchain-technology in digital economy: development genesis Different types of electronic money as a possible alternative to the existing money have only appeared recently; this has been attracting considerable attention from not only economists but also ordinary citizens who are active users of modern financial services in the global Internet. Studying the nature of cryptocurrencies and the model of institutionalized regulation in foreign countries will allow to understand this phenomenon in more detail with the subsequent goal of creating and developing a digital economy and ensuring financial and economic safety in the modern world and the national financial systems. The emergence of cryptocurrencies is one of the key reasons of the growing demand for global social economic changes due to the modern information and telecommunication technologies actively developing in different spheres of modern life (or, to put it in less radical terms, a complex of institutional reforms). The citizens’ level of trust towards the state decreases worldwide, with the decrease rates depending on the region. The most progressive part of society is in favor of replacing the state with a group of service companies competing against each other. In view of this, not only the so-called public contract, but also the entire international institutional and legal system are facing serious changes. However, decentralized systems are one of the key tools to implementing these evolutionary changes. This study has considered the main milestones in the development of cryptocurrencies. The economic essence of digital (fiat) money and cryptocurrencies is analyzed, a comparative characteristic is given. The features of state regulation of cryptocurrencies in Australia are studied. The analysis of legal regulation in Great Britain is carried out. The experience of state regulation in the European Union is studied. The main stages of development of state regulation in China, the USA and Ukraine are investigated. The measures of legal regulation in the USA are considered. The stages of development of the relations between the Bitcoin community and the supervisory authority of Ukraine represented by the National Bank of Ukraine are analyzed in the context of legal regulation. The main initiatives and proposals of legal regulation of cryptocurrencies in the Russian Federation are studied in detail. Additionally, we have carried out a SWOT analysis of cryptocurrencies based on the conducted research. We have described the specifics of safely using cryptocurrencies (from FATF’s standpoint). We have considered the algorithm of the schematic diagram for ensuring financial and economic safety by institutional measures while using the blockchain technology. We have hypothesized that the inertia of the money mass depends on the economy. Studying the regulation of cryptocurrencies in foreign countries, we have found certain similarities. Firstly, each country seeks to create a favorable climate for the development of the latest digital technologies (blockchain) and sees the high potential of using technologies in the private as well as in the public sector. Secondly, the market of cryptocurrencies is growing at high rates and the state, and by failing to adapt the tax code to the challenges of modern digital economy, the state’s budget receives less income as cryptocurrencies are out of legal jurisdiction. Thirdly, more than a thousand of various cryptocurrencies exist today, therefore, it is necessary to develop uniform standards of regulation of cryptocurrencies. We have shown that the majority of the countries have declared the creation of the national cryptocurrency, with two parallel scenarios ensuing: on the one hand, it is necessary to regulate the circulation of the cryptocurrencies emitted earlier and to identify them as «digital goods / tool» within the legal framework; on the other hand, it is necessary to discover and investigate the advantages of simulating national cryptocurrencies. Based on the evolution of cryptocurrencies and blockchain, we have analyzed the problems of the formation of digital economy, and have outlined the directions for further research. 10.18721/JE.10501 336.74; 621:319.34 digital economy electronic money cryptocurrency bitcoin blockchain technology development genesis state regulation https://economy.spbstu.ru/article/2017.67.1/ 01_babkin_burkaltseva_pshenichnikov_tyulin.pdf

RAR RUS 23-33 Haykin Mark marcmix@rambler.ru Knysh Valentin knyshva@mail.ru Problems of integration of managing subjects in the information and network economy Today's economy, which is often defined as an information and network one, is increasingly integrating network organizational forms of activity of economic entities. The interactions between the entities, both within the network and between networks, transform the content and form of the integration process at meso-, macro- and mega-levels of economic management. The goal of the study is to summarize the modern experience and highlight the key problems and directions of their solutions within the networking processes of business entities of different forms of ownership and different industry sectors of the national economic system based on traditional theoretical and methodological approaches to the development of information and network economy. Integration of economic entities in the informational society through networking economic processes involves a functioning service capital, whose level of development determines the nature of servitization of economic systems of different types. Service capital is a category of the post-industrial economy where the service sector acts as a condition, a factor and a dominant of socio-economic development of countries and regions, providing the interaction of economic agents and promoting their deeper integration. The process of directly forming a cluster strategy includes a set of management actions aimed at solving a number of problems: establishing and evaluating the main priorities in the socio-economic development of the region; studying the business environment within the cluster and beyond; analyzing the legislation, including support of small and medium-sized enterprises, antitrust regulation and its impact on clustering processes; conducting SWOT analysis of the relevant sectors and the region; analyzing the core competitiveness of the enterprises, mainly, the ones forming the economic potential of the region and their various associations; identifying a cluster of entities operating in other fields in addition to the source field.. 10.18721/JE.10502 330 information and network economics competition integration cluster forms of activity intra- and inter-industry linkages https://economy.spbstu.ru/article/2017.67.2/ 02_khaykin_knysh.pdf

RAR RUS 34-45 Nikolaev Mikhail fef-sp.ucoz.ru Makhotaeva Marina makhotaeva@mail.ru Basic components of investment safety and their assessment The article is concerned with the issues of investment security assessment. Investment security is the most important type of national security, and its level is determined by the degree of providing reproductive processes in the economy as a whole, and in the sectoral and territorial context. The following components of investment safety are identified: reproductive, sectoral, innovative, quality of life and regional (territorial). The use of investment indicators as threshold values ensuring positive dynamics of depreciation of fixed assets has been substantiated.  The evaluation of the reproduction component of investment security is based on analyzing the dynamics of gross accumulation indicators and the degree of fixed assets depreciation. It is proved that the indicator of gross accumulation of fixed capital at the level of 26% should be considered as a threshold one. The analysis of the sectoral component is made on the basis of the degree of fixed asset depreciation indicators and the share of the industry in the structure of investments. As a result, the following thresholds of indicators of the branches share in the investment structure have been substantiated, with a gross accumulation of 26 % of GDP: about 5% for agriculture, 14 % for mining and manufacturing, 7 % of the total for production and distribution of electricity, gas and water. For assessing the innovative component, we have analyzed the innovative activity in different branches. The level of innovative activity is generally low, with the manufacturing industry showing the best results. In this regard, the innovative aspect of investment security can be reduced to the analysis of manufacturing industry. To assess the quality of life component of investment safety, the analysis of reproductive processes in the branches of education and health care has been carried out. The threshold values of specific weight indicators for these branches were: 1.8 % for education, 2.5% for health care. At the final stage the regional component of investment safety is considered. The analysis showed big variations of gross accumulation share indicators in the gross regional product. It is proved that threshold values of gross accumulation at the regional level are determined by the region’s specialization, and also by the level of infrastructure development. 10.18721/JE.10503 332.142 economic security investment security investments reproduction gross accumulation threshold value depreciation of fixed assets https://economy.spbstu.ru/article/2017.67.3/ 03_nikolaev_makhotaeva.pdf

RAR RUS 46-54 Goryachih Mariia goryachih@ieu.cfuv.ru Some aspects of competition development in the Republic of Crimea The significance of the study is in covering the important issue of development and support of competition. Competition needs to be considered more broadly, not only as a result of the strategy of the interaction between companies in the market, but also as a driving force of the economic life. Competition as an economic process implies such a degree of competitiveness of economic entities that their independent actions effectively limit each of them in unilaterally influencing the types of good circulation in the market. The research procedure consists in monitoring and assessing the state of competition in the Republic of Crimea. The development of competition in the economy is a multifaceted task whose solution depends on implementing an effective state policy in a wide range of areas, starting from a macroeconomic policy, creating a favorable investment climate, developing the financial and tax system, reducing administrative and infrastructure barriers, and protecting citizens' rights and national policies. Monitoring of the state and development of the competitive environment in the markets of goods, works and services was carried out in the Republic of Crimea in October-November 2016. The purpose of the monitoring was to assess the status and the development of the competitive environment in these markets and to search for ways of increasing the competitiveness in the Republic of Crimea and the potential directions of implementing the projects aimed at increasing the competitiveness in the Republic of Crimea. We have considered the results of the monitoring of the status and development of the competitive environment in the markets of goods, works and services of the Republic of Crimea carried out by statistical agencies. The directions of further research will be in monitoring the number of competitors in various segments of the priority markets for the Republic of Crimea. 10.18721/JE.10504 339.13 competition public policy monitoring competitive environment administrative barriers factors of competitiveness commodity market segmentation https://economy.spbstu.ru/article/2017.67.4/ 04_goryachikh.pdf

RAR RUS 55-69 15119658300 Siberian Federal University Vasilyeva Zoia iubpe@sfu-kras.ru

79 Svobodny pr., 660041 Krasnoyarsk, Russia

Likhacheva Tat'iana cafedra-em@yandex.ru Filimonenko Irina filimonenko@iubt.ru Estimation of the basic preconditions and potentials of cluster development in the economy of a region focused on resources and raw materials The paper determines the importance of the cluster problem in the conditions where the competitiveness of the region is achieved through the efforts of many economic agents, interacting and competing with each other to form an innovative business environment that opens up new opportunities for their growth and development. At the same time, the emphasis is on the specificity of the region's resources and the limited forms of contractual relations for their use. The currently existing hierarchical type of resource and raw material region, characterized by a single-industry economy and dependence on large extractive and energy companies, does not ensure the synchronization of the flows of new knowledge, technologies and specialists. The transition to cluster development, however, requires significant changes not so much at the macro-level as at the meso-level and form a more active regional industrial and innovation policy to identify the region’s potential. A methodology for the analysis and quantification of the basic prerequisites and conditions for the formation of cluster systems of the resource-focused region, including their most important factor parameters, is proposed. The peculiarities of reflecting the localization effects, indicators of economic dynamics characterizing the cluster structure of the economy of the resource-focused region, its institutional and innovative activity are revealed. Different approaches to the identification of clusters are considered, and their comparative evaluation is given. It is established that obtaining the synergetic effect for all economic entities, simultaneously reducing the obstacles to business development, innovation and economic growth, should be the focus in determining the potential of clusters. The emphasis is on publication activity in favor of selective diagnostics, which does not correspond to the degree of complexity of the research object. The approach of mapping the potential clusters based on a combination of localization methods and structural shifts is used, taking into account the basic prerequisites and conditions for the development of the economy of the industries and territories of the region. This allows to assess the clusters in the regional space in further studies and to identify the specific regional policy mechanisms aimed at institutional transformation and improving the infrastructure of the economy. 10.18721/JE.10505 332.146.2 сluster systems resource and raw material region localization basic prerequisites for formation mapping of clusters https://economy.spbstu.ru/article/2017.67.5/ 05_vasileva_likhacheva_filimonenko.pdf

RAR RUS 70-78 Myachin Nikolai nmyachin@mail.ru Litvinenko Alexander Lanfk@mail.ru Software implementation of the method of evaluating the efficiency of the state customer in procurement Considering the Strategy of Economic Security of the Russian Federation until 2030, it should be noted that the issues of ensuring efficiency in procurement for state needs have recently become particularly relevant. In our opinion, the effectiveness of the contract system in the procurement sphere for the provision of state needs mainly depends on the quality of work of government customers as the main participants in the procurement market. The article describes a methodology for assessing the effectiveness of the customer in the procurement field in the form of the Performance Evaluation software product «»for OS Windows. The advantage of this technique is the set of criteria covering a wide range of indicators that characterize the purchasing activity of customers. Obtaining such an assessment is necessary for analysis by controlling bodies, participants in procurement, and by the customers themselves in order to identify violations during the acquisition process. The Performance Evaluation software was tested and validated «»based on estimating the activity of the Main Department of the Ministry of Internal Affairs for St. Petersburg in the procurement market. The values of the indicators for 2016 were selected by the open data of the official site of the Unified Information System in the field of procurement. As a result of testing, a value of efficiency of 0.89 was obtained for the Department, which indicates the extremely high efficiency of the customer. A conclusion was made about the reliability of the results obtained and the possibility of using the developed program in the work of contract system participants. 10.18721/JE.10506 334.02 efficiency assessment contract system state customer procurement integrated indicator https://economy.spbstu.ru/article/2017.67.6/ 06_myachin_litvinenko.pdf

RAR RUS 79-91 J-9790-2014 57200264450 0000-0001-6609-3340 Russian Research Institute of Economics, Politics and Law in Science and Technology Ilina Irina skvo_ie@mail.ru Sergeeva Ol'ga sergeeva_ol@riep.ru Innovative voucher as a tool for ensuring demand for innovation and a catalyst for forming regional innovation systems Analysis of the forms and types of support for commercialization of the results obtained in the implementation of innovative projects in developed countries and in Russia showed that at present there is a whole range of instruments in the world for direct and indirect stimulation of the use by business enterprises of the results of intellectual activity and the conduct of their own research and developments. One of the key problems of the low effectiveness of existing measures to support SMEs and the stimulation of commercialization of previously obtained results of intellectual activity is the lack of a culture of management and the introduction of these results. In innovative countries an innovative voucher is used to solve this problem. The proposed tool, an innovative voucher, can stimulate a kind of «revision» of accumulated knowledge and the creation of new ones that can be transformed into technologies and integrated into the economy through small business as a subject of the economy. In unstable economic conditions, it is rather difficult for Russian small business to find opportunities to invest its own funds in innovation. The innovation voucher can serve as a «bridge» between inventors and rationalizers and small and medium-sized businesses in the Russian regions and have a positive impact on the development of the industrial production sector, including high-tech, through the introduction of innovations by SMEs. Using an innovative voucher can give innovators and inventors an opportunity to better understand the market situation and provide a new round of business development based on innovation in a particular region.Currently, the social importance of inventiveness and innovation is undermined, including because inventors and rationalizers are not adequately rewarded for the results they have created, which forces them to «hold» the results obtained earlier, which eventually «dust up» and not Bring a positive socio-economic effect, neither to the inventor, nor to society as a whole. 10.18721/JE.10507 338.1 innovation vouchers small and medium business scientific research organizations service providers knowledge transfer strategic planning all-russian society of inventors and innovators technical and innovation activities https://economy.spbstu.ru/article/2017.67.7/ 07_ilina_sergeeva.pdf

RAR RUS 92-103 Vasetskaia Natal'ia vno@spbstu.ru 7005476276 0000-0002-8228-3109 Peter the Great St.Petersburg Polytechnic University Glukhov Vladimir vicerector.me@spbstu.ru

195251, St.Petersburg, Polytechnicheskaya, 29

Smart training in the system of advanced vocational training The article shows the need of a transition from traditional and e-learning methods to smart education in accordance with the new requirements of the smart economy and smart society with the goal of achieving quality training. We have presented the basic principles of smart learning, such as flexibility training in an interactive learning environment, integrated learning environment, shared use of content by all universities, personalization and adaptation of learning. The approaches to forming smart environments in the educational process have been considered. We have substantiated the necessity of the following activities: structuring and systematization of information, implementation of electronic and mobile learning, supervision and assessment of educational outcomes, self-management of the process, the creation of a virtual social environment and media environment in the classroom. We have analyzed the process of adapting the standards of higher education under the principles of smart training. We have developed an algorithm for the process of smart learning with the formation of individual educational trajectories based on the individually-differentiated approach, in which we have identified three possible learning paths. We have suggested ways of adapting the educational system to the level of knowledge and individual capabilities of the student by measuring the exact start and end metrics (a set of indicators of the level of knowledge), choice of the individual educational trajectory of training, the formation of an electronic portfolio with the results of measurements of the initial and final metrics of the student for the analysis of the efficiency of the chosen educational path. Thus, learning based on smart technology helps to realize the inner potential through matching the content of the study course with the student’s own results, and building an individual educational program with an emphasis on the student’s personal qualities. We have proposed implementing the concept of «advanced» smart learning by implementing a practice-oriented approach to presenting the material. We have confirmed the importance of this research topic in the modern conditions where a new type of education is evolving, which will improve the quality of vocational training. 10.18721/JE.10508 330.131.5 smart-education smart-environment state educational standards individual educational trajectory metrics electronic "portfolio" https://economy.spbstu.ru/article/2017.67.8/ 08_vasetskaya_glukhov.pdf

RAR RUS 104-113 Zharov Vladimir zharov_vs@mail.ru The effect of innovative tax lever and ‘quasi’ self financing of innovative activities of industrial enterprises We have considered the possibilities and sources of the financial support for stimulating the innovation activities of industrial enterprises. It is shown that unlike in developed foreign countries, direct public funding is insufficient in Russia, and the existing system of tax incentives has no significant effect on enhancing the innovative activities. The system of public-private partnership proposed by some scholars does not imply using new sources of financing for innovative activities. While bank lending is limited by high interest rates, which is why the enterprises actively implementing technological innovations mostly use their own financial resources for this purpose. The goal of the study is to examine the effect of innovative tax lever (ITL) and use it in the form of ‘quasi’ self-financing of innovative activity of industrial enterprises as part of public-private partnerships. A quasi self-financing mechanism is proposed for boosting the innovative activity of industrial enterprises, based on the innovative tax lever effect, i.e., increasing the revenue from major taxes such as VAT, personal income tax and tax on profit per ruble of sales with a one percent increase in the share of the value added in the cost structure of production of industrial enterprises. We have proposed a method of ITL calculation and the calculation formula of its maximum possible effect with respect to certain taxes and contributions to state social funds, as well as the formulas for calculating the actual effect obtained for these types of taxes and deductions. The state and the regions can allow the enterprises actively implementing innovations to use the increase in the amount of basic taxes resulting from intensified innovation activities to subsequently boost their innovative activities fully or partially provided that they conclude the corresponding contracts. A part of the increase in taxes may be accumulated in special innovation funds for financing the innovations of other enterprises in this area. Thus a new element or form of public-private partnerships emerges. ITL VAT will be greater than unity if the share of the value added to the value of sales will not exceed one half, which is typical for the manufacturing industry, so the mechanism of quasi self-financing should be used primarily for such production. In this case there is a possibility of full quasi self-financing the investments in the further development of innovative activity of each individual industrial enterprise. 10.18721/JE.10509 338.2 financial support innovation activity industrial enterprises public-private partnership taxes innovative tax lever quasi self-finance https://economy.spbstu.ru/article/2017.67.9/ 09_zharov.pdf

RAR RUS 114-124 Nekrasova Tatyana dean@fem.spbstu.ru Shumeyko Ekaterina larkom@mail.ru Economic eastimation of crowdfunding as a type of fund raising Crowdfunding is a relatively new method of financing projects via the Internet. After its successes in the field of non-profit cultural and social projects crowdfunding is also gaining its popularity in financing startups and local businesses. Thus, along with social and non-profit objectives, crowdfunding has the potential to become an alternative form of financing business projects at an early stage. Today there are more than 1250 crowdfunding platforms. Almost half of all the existing crowdfunding platforms (46%) operate in North America. Crowdfunding in Russia is still in its early stages, and it is not as popular as in America and Europe. Currently, Russia has around 20 crowdfunding platforms. The most popular fields are charity, music, literature, technology, and society. Unlike traditional methods of investing, crowdfunding campaigns collect funds from the public. Typically, the most successful projects receive about 25–40 % of their income from people with whom the author is connected in any way: family, friends, colleagues, acquaintances. The campaign also receives support from strangers. The advantages of this form of funding depend largely on how the project placement is organized within the platform and how the economic gain is estimated. The solution of this problem is presented in this study. We have considered crowdfunding as a new method of investment financing. The technique of assessing the organization of crowdfunding has been worked out. The technique includes substantiation for business ideas (writing a business plan), an assessment of crowdfunding (pricing of various sources of financing), introduction of the project on the crowdfunding platform (algorithm), an assessment of the profitability of crowdfunding in comparison with alternative sources of financing (cost-saving calculation) and risk assessment of the crowdfunding campaign (assessment of financial risk by using the mathematical expectation formula). The important point is the determination of the price of crowdfunding, which is calculated from the amount of the financial goal. The financial goal is the amount of funds to be collected over a set period on the crowdfunding platform. 10.18721/JE.10510 336.63 crowdfunding crowdfunding platform methods of financing cost of capital financial goal https://economy.spbstu.ru/article/2017.67.10/ 10_nekrasova_shumeyko.pdf

RAR RUS 125-132 Pupentsova Svetlana pupentsova@spbgpu-dreem.ru Shabrova Ol'ga shabrova@list.ru Leventsov Valerii vleventsov@spbstu.ru Determining the control premium in business valuation of shares Substantiating the adjustments used in the valuation of share packages has become especially important recently due to a growing number of offers on the part of owners. The paper proposes a methodology for distributing the business market value depending on the size of the package to be assessed. The utility of a package depends on the legally certified rights of the future package holder to participate in the company’s management. The suggested methodology models the actual number of members in the Board of directors on the basis of the analyzed register of shareholders. The methodology proposed in this paper allows making a transition from the proportional value of a share to the market value of a share within the specific package. The transfer is possible due to designation of weight coefficients obtained by the iterative calculation method. The weight coefficients are selected for a company with the specified market value of one hundred percent share package based on the data of the stock market about the market value of a share in the minority package. Based on the methodology proposed in the paper, the value of a share is determined in various packages. It is suggested that the control premium should be calculated as a ratio of a share in the controlling interest package to a share in the minority package. The paper describes the obtained weight coefficients for significant packages of the joints stock company and derived market control premiums according to the financial statements of PJSC LUKOIL for December 2016. In the paper, the market premium has been obtained at the level of 39.9 % for a controlling interest package as big as 90 %. For other packages premiums are calculated by using linear approximation. The methodology detailed in this paper allows making a transition from the proportional value of a share to the market value of a share in the composition of a certain package. The proposed methodology is different from the methods developed earlier as it makes it possible to take into account the effect of share distribution among owners. The control premiums, obtained in accordance with the methodology proposed in this paper, have been empirically checked. 10.18721/JE.10511 332.622:336.49 business valuation control premium share package market value of a share minority value https://economy.spbstu.ru/article/2017.67.11/ 11_pupentsova_shabrova_leventsov.pdf

RAR RUS 133-140 Nazaryan Rafael' rafael@generalalians.ru Novikova Olga Novikova-Olga1970@yandex.ru Grushkin Arsenii grushkin.arseny@gmail.com Khrebtenko Irina ira_hrebtenko@mail.ru Necessity of developing an investment strategy for a municipal heat energy system In recent years, most Russian regions have discovered that the branch of municipal heat supply is characterized by increased wear of the heat-generating and heat-network infrastructure, deficiency of investment projects, system organizational and economic problems, which exert impact on high-quality and reliable providing consumers of municipalities with utilities. In this regard, well-reasoned and accurately formulated municipal investment development strategies should be devised for solving the problems mentioned above. Investment strategies of municipal heat-energy systems are considered as basic and most important for municipalities, since questions of reconstruction (modernization) of the heat energy infrastructure are socially important. Thus, in the absence of an investment strategy, the investment processes in the communal heat supply industry will be slowed down, therefore, interest in financing will be significantly reduced, in addition, it can lead to investment inaction by the municipal administration, which in turn can lead to adverse consequences, including system crashes. Therefore, it is necessary to initiate an investment process in the municipal heat-energy system that will increase the reliability and quality of consumers' heat supply by updating worn-out fixed assets, and will also reduce the economically justified rate of heat supply organizations in the medium term. The problem in the paper is considered at the level of municipalities, with directions of investment strategy suggested for these entities. Further, these directions will be fundamental for the formation and development of an action program, with the mandatory account of investment planning. The scenarios for the development of the municipal heat-energy system are considered in the absence of an investment strategy both in the presence of an inter-tariff difference and in its absence. Also, graphical models for the functioning of the municipal heat-energy systems without the investment strategy of the two options for the development of municipal heat-energy systems (heat tariff dynamics), and an alternative graphic economic model for implementing the investment policy in the municipal heat-energy systems are presented. The analysis of the economic-mathematical model of the development of the energy complex of the municipality is made. 10.18721/JE.10512 332.1 heat energy infrastructure investment strategy tariff inter-tariff gap economic model https://economy.spbstu.ru/article/2017.67.12/ 12_nazaryan_novikova_grushkin_khrebtenko.pdf

RAR RUS 141-150 Mokeichev Evgenii mokeychev@gmail.com Konnikov Evgenii konnikov.evgeniy@gmail.com Kravtsova Natal'ia n.i.kravtsova@yandex.ru Russian insurance on its way to risk-oriented regulation approach 10.18721/JE.10513 368.07 insurance risk-management supervision market regulation https://economy.spbstu.ru/article/2017.67.13/ 13_mokeychev_konnikov_kravtsova.pdf

RAR RUS 151-160 Gus’kova Nadezhda Gudkova Dar'ia dasha_gud@mail.ru Assessment tools for sustainable development of the organization Under the current conditions of unstable economic, social and environmental development, the organizations’ need to develop responsible business practices based on the principles of sustainable development is increasing. For a timely response to the modern challenges, organizations need established and clear global schemes adding to set sustainable development principles into organizational activities. The purpose of this study is to interpret the concept of «sustainable development of the «organization and explore different approaches to its assessment (both in foreign and Russian practice). In this regard, the article reveals the definition of «sustainable development of the organization» in terms of a balance of economic, environmental and social components and meeting the needs of stakeholders in the long term; we have considered the leading practices in assessing the level of sustainable organizational development and identified their common features. Based on the experience of leading organizations, we modeled our own method of assessing the level of sustainable development based on system of indicators, which is meant for analysis of the enterprise’s key areas. This methodology involves calculating a composite indicator of sustainability relying on the estimated particular integrated indicators (sustainability of external environment, financial-economic, social and environmental sustainability), which will allow to assess not only the quantitative but also the qualitative indicators. 10.18721/JE.10514 005.412 indicator of sustainable development corporate social responsibility assessment methods sustainable development sustainable organizational development https://economy.spbstu.ru/article/2017.67.14/ 14_salimova-gudkova.pdf

RAR RUS 161-171 V-1094-2019 56968223000 0000-0002-0941-6358 Peter the Great St.Petersburg Polytechnic University Babkin Alexander babkin@spbstu.ru

Russia, 195251, St.Petersburg, Polytechnicheskaya, 29

Kuzmina Svetlana kuzmina@spbume.ru Ensuring the sustainable development of integrated complexes taking into account the requirements of professional standards Despite serious efforts of scholars and experts in searching for optimal solutions of management tasks both in economic, and in social systems, national economy, the processes of globalization and the activities of certain economic subjects set difficult challenges for business entities, which have to be resolved as quickly as possible. For economic systems (which includes business entities of the national economy in general and, in particular, the organizations that are integrated complexes currently functioning as public-private partnerships), it is not sufficient to find the solution of a problem; the option that is the most acceptable, or optimal, both in terms of efficiency and achieving the desired results, has to be chosen. At the same time, observing the principles and requirements of managing an integrated complex as a system, it is necessary to consider various factors determining its performance at the present stage taking into account the specifics of managing a scientific and industrial educational complex on the basis of the mechanisms of public-private partnership and forming the integration programs for advanced industrial technologies. The article considers the activities of integrated complexes functioning within public-private partnerships. The specifics of these activities are discussed from the standpoint of legal and organizational aspects. In our opinion, it is particularly important to analyze the activities of integrated complexes in the context of providing human resources, in terms of assessing the abilities, skills and competences of the personnel and the last changes according to the National framework of qualifications and the professional standards developed on its basis. The results obtained in the study will be useful not only in organizing the activities of integrated complexes, but also for various organizations of the national economy irrespective of the field of activity. This is primarily due to the fact that the economy of knowledge and knowledge management in organizations necessitate that the personnel adapt quickly to the changing conditions and the tasks facing the management. We are confident that it is a strategic issue that has not lost its relevance in the conditions of globalization and integration processes. The proposed management solutions will provide effective performance of the organization by determining the changes that are necessary in the personnel, the knowledge management, and in other structures of the organization, and also by optimizing the possible expenses on accomplishing these measures. 10.18721/JE.10515 338.012 public-private partnership the integrated complex competence management of knowledge professional standards training sustainable development https://economy.spbstu.ru/article/2017.67.15/ 15_babkin_kuzmina.pdf

RAR RUS 172-183 Titov Vladislav titov@ieie.nsc.ru Bezmelnitzyn Dmitry Napreeva Svetlana stenka1@yandex.ru Planning the activities of an enterprise in the conditions of risk and uncertainty in the external and internal environment Optimized planning of an enterprise’s activity taking into account the risk and uncertainty of external and internal environment is a difficult methodological problem. Solving it is important for practical planning. Therefore, there is no doubt in the significance of the research subject. The purpose of the study is describing the entire process of enterprise management from new product development to its implementation in the conditions of risk and uncertainty in the external and internal environment. Planning is based on using a multilevel system of models. On the upper level, the key strategic indicators are achieved through developing and implementing innovations, mostly related to planning the manufacturing of new high-tech products. However, the effect of risks and uncertainty on the processes of development, production and sales of new products is the greatest at this level. The literature suggests to use stochastic graphs with returns for this purpose. This idea is also supported in this study. However, implementing this idea requires further methodological development and quantitative calculations. Coordinating strategic decisions and tactical plans is based on eliminating economic and other risks associated with the economic activities of the enterprise in tactical planning by generating stochastic reserves through implementing additional innovations, providing extra sales, profits and other indicators of the strategic plan. The organization of operational management of complex production is represented by an iterative, sliding process (reducing risks in production), which is realized taking into account the limitations of tactical control. Planning in similar industries is usually organized based on network planning, determining the critical path. However, the main problem is not solved, i.e., the limitations on using resources are not taken into account. An effective algorithm has not been developed to date for solving the problem arising in case such limitations are imposed. In this paper, we propose to solve such a problem with the help of models of network and operational-calendar planning, their system integration. It is also important that the problem of specifying work durations (operations) is not solved in integers. 10.18721/JE.10516 658.5 harmonization of strategic tactical and operational management conditions of risk and uncertainty optimization https://economy.spbstu.ru/article/2017.67.16/ 16_titov_bezmelnitsyn_napreeva.pdf

RAR RUS 184-194 Chernogorskiy Sergey Shvеtsov Konstantin shvetsov@inbox.ru Khodyrev Vladimir Khodyreffvladimir@yandex.ru A game-theoretic model for investments in the telecommunications industry The rent-seeking behavior of domestic and foreign investors of the telecommunications sector was considered and analyzed. A game-theoretic model determining the behavior of investors was developed. Comparative results for three or more investors were obtained. A situation with two Russian and one foreign investor of the telecom sector of the Russian Federation was examined in detail. The purpose of this article is to find the conditions that minimize the loss in public welfare from the rent-oriented behavior of Russian and foreign investors involved in the development of the Russian telecom industry. Game-theoretic models of rent-seeking behavior under complete and incomplete information in the struggle for rent were constructed. The model of rent-seeking behavior, when all of the players are not indifferent about who will get the prize if they do not receive it themselves, was proposed. The model is analyzed in cases of identical and different estimates of the rent by the players. The formulae for total equilibrium costs of the rent-seeking behavior as well as the individual equilibrium costs for each of the domestic and foreign firms under identical and different estimates of the rent were obtained. The following conclusions were drawn as a result of implementing the model: if the members of each group improved the assessment of the gain of the other members within the group, the total costs of the group will decrease; the contribution of a member of a group with common interests will decrease if the value attributed to the gain of the other group member increases; as the number of players in a group increases the likelihood that the group will win also rises. On the other hand a greater number of players with common interests mean a greater likelihood for so called «free riders» to emerge. An example with three investor players within the Russian telecommunications industry was considered. The first and the second player are Russian companies, and the third player, Intel, is a foreign one. 10.18721/JE.10517 330.45; 519.833.5 game theory game-theoretic model search for rent investment telecom-munication industry https://economy.spbstu.ru/article/2017.67.17/ 17_chernogorskiy_shvetsov_khodyrev.pdf