2782-6015 π-Economy 3 221 2015
RAR RUS 9-18 B-6290-2015 55675110300 0000-0003-0830-2081 Institute for Problem Regional Economics RAS Okrepilov Vladimir Application of supercomputer technology to forecast quality of life parameters of the population The article considers issues of social and economic systems management, possibilities of forecasting and assessment of their efficiency, as well as use of tools of economics of quality and mathematical modeling to solve problems of this kind. The article also pays attention to issues related to forecasting of parameters of the population’s quality of life with the use of supercomputer technology, in particular, application of agent-oriented models (AOM) to estimate some parameters influencing quality of life of St. Petersburg population, which has been studied in terms of the carried-out research work. Importance of the results of the scientific work presented in article is defined by the need to realize a complex, evidence-based and supported by the society concept of ensuring quality of life of the population, which was for the first time executed to define the possibility to approbate tools of economics of quality, supercomputer technology and mathematical modeling when solving problems of management related to development of social and economic systems at various levels. It is defined that a characteristic feature of modern quality management is the ability of wide use of its methods at various levels of management to solve  tasks in various spheres of human activity as a universal tool. As a result of the research the application scheme of the multilevel control system of development of social and economic space has been developed. Also social and economic system modeling methodology has been worked out on the basis of the principles of spatial development with the use of methods of mathematical modeling and supercomputer technology. Methodology of  assessment of control systems efficiency is suggested, criteria for assessment are specified, a rating assessment model is developed and the use of parameters of economics of quality for assessment of population quality of life is justified. 10.5862/JE.221.1 314.114:004.94 QUALITY OF LIFE; METHODS OF QUALITY MANAGEMENT; SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC SYSTEM; ECONOMICS OF QUALITY; SIMULATION MODELING; AGENT-ORIENTED MODELS. https://economy.spbstu.ru/article/2015.53.1/ okrepilov.pdf
RAR RUS 19-31 Vaysman Elena Podshivalova Mariia pods-mariya@yandex.ru Analysis of the institutional environment of Russian entrepreneurship: time-structural slice Today, the Russian scientific community is actively seeking causes of low institutional effectiveness, as well as possible ways to improve it. The article examines the issues of history and development of the structural balance of the Russian institutional environment within the theory of institutional matrices, transaction costs and informal institutions. It is shown that the Russian institutional environment has historically been «alien» to business interests in terms of the market paradigm. Small business in Russia has never been the foundation and catalyst for the economic growth, even during periods of active liberalization and the so-called «golden age» of entrepreneurship. With shortages of necessary formal Y-institutions, the institutional support for small businesses  comprised formal X-institutions of family business, state support (protection), as well as informal community X-institutions, personalized relations and illegal economy. The current state is characterized by contradictions of the external layer, built on the formal market Y-type, and the internal, informal layer which coordinates actions of economic agents according to the dispensing principle (X). The authors explored the vector of structural changes in terms of their impact on the XY-balance of the institutional environment. The paper shows that the main anti-crisis measures taken by the Government are based on the X-matrix principles, but if properly applied, they can strengthen market institutions. The authors conclude that in the near future the institutional development by the XY-balanced criterion and sustainable economic growth will depend on the effectiveness of measures to curb strengthening the informal vending institutions in the business environment. 10.5862/JE.221.2 330.341.2 STRUCTURE OF THE INSTITUTIONAL ENVIRONMENT; XY-BALANCE; INSTITUTIONAL MATRICES ; FORMAL INSTITUTIONS; INFORMAL INSTITUTIONS. https://economy.spbstu.ru/article/2015.53.2/ vaysman_podshivalova.pdf
RAR RUS 32-41 Latypova Margarita magvaslat@rambler.ru Poltoradneva Natal'ia Capabilities of price shocks modeling in the world oil market in modern conditions The world oil market prices fluctuate due to the low elasticity of demand and supply. External causes such as embargoes or local conflicts used to lead to price shocks. In the course of globalization processes, access of financial capital to commodity exchanges has distorted the traditional price-setting mechanism, based on supply and demand balance and supplemented it with competition between commodity and financial derivatives in terms of their profitability. As a result, price volatility has increased and a new kind of price shocks, based on financial reasons, has appeared. Modern price shocks have their own development patterns, which can be explained by spontaneously coordinated behavior of stock agents at the beginning of shock trend forming. The issue of current importance is inability of the existing forecasting methods in the condition of price shocks, which makes the researchers look for new approaches. The authors present an approach on the basis of the developed phenomenological model, based on the analysis of the oil shock of 2008–2009. It has been shown that the dispersion of oil prices during the shock can be approximated with high reliability by a Gaussian function and the derivative of this function is proportional to the price shock trend itself. Thus, the dynamics of modern price shocks has a statistically conditioned nature, which is connected to the activities of financial agents. The similarity of oil piece shocks in 2008–2009 and 2014–2015 can be explained by the interconnection of oil price dispersion and the shock trend with the financial market. Superposition of the phenomenological oil shock model on the price forecast for 2014–2015 showed high correlation between prognostic and actual values of oil prices. Thus, the use of the phenomenological oil shock model as a possible scenario can improve the accuracy of forecasted oil prices. This model can be applied in budget formulation and development of long-term socio-economic strategies of the country. Future research of the authors involves further elaboration of the phenomenological price shock model, its theoretical justification and development of a leading indicator system which helps to predict the time of the price shocks appearance. 10.5862/JE.221.3 339.13 PRICE SHOCK; MODELING OF PRICE SHOCKS; WORLD OIL MARKET; OIL PRICE FORECASTING; SHOCK SCENARIO. https://economy.spbstu.ru/article/2015.53.3/ latypova_poltoradneva.pdf
RAR RUS 42-51 Kolibaba Vladimir Iobue Kaudio yoboueherman@gmail.com Justification of prospective structure of generating capacitiesin the power industry of the Republic of Cote d'Ivoire based on the tariff factor Analysis of operating conditions and development of power industry of the Republic of Côte d'Ivoire is conducted. One of the features of the economic relations in power industry of the republic is lack of uniform methodical approach to calculation of tariffs for generation of electric energy. These tariffs are formed on a contractual basis between the government and the generation companies. Such practice is often economically ineffective and is not quite transparent for other participants of the electrical power market. The paper sees into specific features of the electric power and capacity market organization of the Republic of Côte d'Ivoire as well as prospects of its development. Comparative assessment of efficiency of various generating sources functioning is presented. Need for diversification of generation structure so as to increase the level of reliability of power supply to consumers of the republic is identified. The different ratio of capacities between various types of the generating sources forms various prime cost of electricity generation. An economic and mathematical model has been worked out to define an optimum level of electric power tariffs by means of optimizing the structure of the generating capacities of the power supply system of the Republic of Côte d'Ivoire including various restrictions on power generation (size of capacities, high voltage line capacity, maneuverable opportunities of the generating equipment, impact on the environment and size of capital investments allocated for commissioning new power facilities) providing the normalized reliability level of power supply. The problem of optimization of the generating sources structure includes determining the volumes of capacities to be commissioned for different types of power plants where various types of fuel are used. The presented model of electricity tariff formation is substantially focused on justifying the choice of different types of generating sources in the long-run. It gives an accurate reference point for selecting the direction of further development of the power industry of the Republic of Côte d'Ivoire on a long-term basis. The optimum generation structure of the republic providing which would provide high reliability of power supply to consumers at the minimum possible level of electricity price has been assessed. 10.5862/JE.221.4 621.311 TARIFFS FOR ELECTRICITY PRODUCTION; PRIME COST; COSTS; OPTIMIZATION OF CAPACITIES STRUCTURE; POWER GENERATION; DESIGN CAPACITY; HYDRAULIC POWER PLANT; THERMAL POWER PLANT. https://economy.spbstu.ru/article/2015.53.4/ kolibaba_iobue.pdf
RAR RUS 52-62 Tkachuk Liudmila tlt60@mail.ru Korzh Anton korzh_as@mail.ru Korotkova Galina galina-27.84@mail.ru Cluster initiatives in the economy: trends and issues of implementation The article deals with modern scientific concepts and approaches to the formation of cluster policy as the main tool for improving competitiveness and innovative development of regional and national economies. The problems and development trends of the economy and the clustering mechanism of forming and implementing programs and projects to promote the development of regional clusters. Particular attention is paid to the process of revitalization of cluster initiatives and their possible implementation in the Russian regions. We give the term «cluster initiatives» and revealed their substantial foundation that is forming and implementing programs and projects aimed at the development of regional innovation clusters. The objectives of cluster initiatives are settled and their role in the development of national and regional economies is defined. The article highlights the urgency to develop regional innovation clusters, allowing for effective transformation of inventions into innovations and innovations – in a competitive advantage. It defines the main goal of regional clusters, which is to enhance the development of innovation-oriented and high-tech enterprises in different fields. International experience of cluster initiatives has been researched, which allows us to emphasize the dynamism of most world governments to implement the process of clustering the national economies. Cluster initiatives have become a basic element of development strategies in most countries. The authors have researched a number of key laws and regulations which define the scope of the cluster policy and regulate the activity of clusters. The article identifies a number of legal, institutional and financial constraints to the implementation of cluster initiatives in the territory of the subjects of the Russian Federation. The article emphasizes the role of the state in forming the effective cluster policy aimed at promoting institutional development of clusters and creating conditions for their effective functioning, the urgency to develop cluster initiatives as a tool for developing innovation territorial clusters in Russia. The article defines objectives and guidelines for further development of initiatives aimed at the creation and development of regional innovation clusters. 10.5862/JE.221.5 332.1 CLUSTER POLICY; CLUSTER INITIATIVES; THE CENTER OF CLUSTER DEVELOPMENT; TERRITORIAL INNOVATION CLUSTERS; INNOVATION POLICY; PILOT PROGRAMS AND PROJECTS. https://economy.spbstu.ru/article/2015.53.5/ tkachuk_korzh_korotkova.pdf
RAR RUS 63-72 Rudenko Marina m.ru.ko@mail.ru, rudenko@econ.psu.ru Dolganova Iana Yanochkadol@yandex.ru Influence of socio-economic development on economic security of the region (case study: Perm territory) Modern development of the national economy is characterized by the presence of a wide variety of threats to its stable functioning. In these circumstances, there is growing significance of  national security of the state, in particular, economic security as its most important component. Economic security of the state as a whole is achieved by countering the threats at the regional level. Well developed subjects of the Federation have capabilities to ensure national security. Therefore, there is need for timely monitoring of economic security indicators and identification of possible threats at the initial stages of their inception to address them in a more effective way. The Russian Federation consists of regions that are unevenly developed, whose economic potential and capabilities of ensuring economic security vary. However, through compliance with socio-economic development indicators of the uniform federal standards uniformity of the territories development, which contributes to national security of the state as a whole. Achievement of economic security at the regional level contributes to well-being of the population in each of the regions. Socio-economic development of the region is important in ensuring economic security at the regional level.. So there is need to analyze economic and social processes occurring in a particular region that have a paramount influence on the ability of the regional system for sustainable and stable development, and therefore on the economic potential and the economic security of the subject of the Federation. 10.5862/JE.221.6 330.123.6 SOCIOECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT; ECONOMIC SAFETY;  CAPABILITY OF THE ECONOMY TO SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT; GROSS REGIONAL PRODUCT; INVESTMENT INTO EQUITY; FOREIGN INVESTMENTS; PROFIT TAX OF ORGANIZATIONS; «ARTIFICIAL CREDIT HUNGER»; STABILITY OF FISCAL SYSTEM. https://economy.spbstu.ru/article/2015.53.6/ rudenko_dolganova.pdf
RAR RUS 73-83 55960943900 0000-0002-7465-6681 SMTU Malyshev Evgenii eamalyshev@mail.ru
Lotsmanskaya Ulitsa, 3 Sankt-Peterburg 190121
 Kashurnikov Anton tikashurnikova@mail.ru Market mechanisms of investment attraction into development of power industry The paper examines key problems of regional electric power supply systems emerging from the lack of regulated interaction mechanisms aimed at uniting the resources of different subjects for the purposes of investment activities. One of the main problems of the power supply industry is physical and moral ageing of both generating and electric grid equipment. The reasons why a management system for developing the electric power industry has to be formed is considered in the article. Deficiencies of modern investment process procedure organization in power companies are described. Absence of continuity between regional and local strategic planning documents and investment planning of a power company is shown. The possibility to develop a new mechanism of investment attracting is proposed. Regulation of joint activities to implement regional electric power industry development program is suggested. A management system of electric power industry development in the RF is presented. A scheme of interaction on development of electric power infrastructure is described. A mechanism to realize interconnection between state sectoral and regional planning and corporate planning of power supply infrastructure development is proposed. Regional aspects of industrial policy and its legislative support have been considered. To successfully implement PPP projects an effective PPP model has to be created within the federal and regional legislation frameworks, a financial model providing recoverability of investments needs to be developed, mutually beneficial cooperation between executive bodies and private investors is to be provided. Conclusions on the possibility to apply PPP (public-private-partnership) mechanism for regional electric power infrastructure development is justified. Application of the PPP mechanism can help solve the problem of developing the regional and interregional electric power infrastructure, which is of vital importance for the regions of Siberia and the Far East. 10.5862/JE.221.7 330.332 ELECRIC POWER INDUSTRY; INVESTMENTS; GENERATING CAPACITIES; PUBLIC-PRIVATE-PARTNERSHIP; INDUSTRY PLANNING; REGIONAL POWER COMPANIES. https://economy.spbstu.ru/article/2015.53.7/ malyshev_kashurnikov.pdf
SCO RUS 84-95 Ivshin Stanislav i943-54-43@yandex.ru Tereshkina Tatyana Trends in logistics outsourcing used in supply chains of pulp and paper products Trends in the use of logistics outsourcing in supply chains of pulp and paper products have undergone significant changes in recent years. Initially, the main objective of outsourcing non-key activities was operating efficiency that helped minimize costs. At present, the decision on outsourcing is not always accompanied by reduced operating costs. The article analyzes the cost of transport services of such pulp and paper mills as: «Syassky PPM», JSC «Segezha PPM», JSC «Kondopoga» and JSC «Kamenskaya BF». The structure of costs by transportation departments of the pulp and paper enterprises is examined, vehicles of the pulp and paper mills are analyzed in terms of their actual service life, great deterioration of the motor pool is identified and, consequently, the need to upgrade it or transfer to logistics outsourcing is revealed. A decision-making algorithm on the use of logistics outsourcing of finished goods transportation. Trends in development of outsourcing in the supply chains of pulp and paper products aimed at client-oriented service. The results of calculation of expenses related to storage of finished products by «Syassky PPM» in its own warehouse and 3PL-provider «Open Warehouse Logistics», providing a full range of safe storage services. The analysis of warehousing activities outsourcing at JSC «Syassky PPM» allows drawing conclusions about the rationality of transferring integrated logistics functions to the operator, who provides high quality service, compliance with the time of delivery and proximity of stocks to consumer. It is shown how logistics outsourcing in supply chains of pulp and paper products enables further development of the industry, thanks to which focus on the end-user satisfaction and increase in asset turnover become possible, which correspondingly leads to process effectiveness of the pulp and paper mills, improves quality of products and services, and consequently increases profits. 10.5862/JE.221.8 338 OUTSOURCING; LOGISTICS COSTS; SUPPLY CHAINS OF PULP AND PAPER PRODUCTS; OPERATIONAL EFFICIENCY; PROCESS EFFECTIVENESS https://economy.spbstu.ru/article/2015.53.8/ ivshin_tereshkina.pdf
RAR RUS 96-104 Leonenko Evgenii djon777888@rambler.ru Kunev Sergei ksvsofter@mail.ru Market mechanisms of investment attraction into development of power industry Проведено исследование развития маркетинговой деятельности и PR в фармацевтической промышленности. Раскрыты основные тенденции и особенности развития фармацевтики в России и в мире в целом: неспособность отечественной фармацевтической промышленности удовлетворить потребности российского фармацевтического рынка; высокая зависимость российских производителей от импортных поставок фармацевтических субстанций; недостаточная инновационная активность значительной части российских фармацевтических компаний; сложности с переходом российской фармацевтической отрасли на стандарты GMP (Good Manufacturing Practice); сравнительно низкая инвестиционная привлекательность российских производителей; недостаточное развитие кластерной структуры фармацевтической отрасли РФ; высокая зависимость сбыта безрецептурных лекарственных средств от масштаба и уровня рекламы и коммуникационной политики драгмейкеров; стремление фармбизнеса превратить лекарственные средства в «обычный продукт» с целью наращивания объема продаж, что в корне противоречит социальной политике государства и этической стороне бизнеса и др. Определена ключевая роль фармацевтического маркетинга и связей с общественностью в обеспечении систематического роста фармрынка и увеличении доходов фармацевтического бизнеса. Выявлены основные проблемы развития маркетинговых коммуникаций в фармацевтике и их внутренняя противоречивость: с позиции потребителя они должны снижать заболеваемость населения и повышать качество жизни и здоровье людей; с позиции бизнеса – призваны «создавать потребности» путем создания вирусов и распространения болезней. Сделан вывод, что важнейшую роль в развитии как фармацевтического бизнеса, так и всей фармотрасли должно играть государство. Брать без тщательного анализа западные модели развития фармацевтики нельзя, а тем более превращать это в сверхдоходный бизнес, так как на кону стоят жизненные ценности и «здоровье» нации. 10.5862/JE.221.9 658.5 PHARMACEUTICALS; MARKETING; PUBLIC RELATIONS; DRAG-MAKERS; DRUG; GENERIC; POSITIONING. https://economy.spbstu.ru/article/2015.53.9/ malyshev_kashurnikov.pdf
RAR RUS 105-113 Bulatov Roman bulatova_nad@mail.ru Strategic priorities of regional transport infrastructure (as exemplified by the Republic of Buryatia) The article deals with the strategic guidelines for the development of transport infrastructure in the region. Topicality of the work results from the geopolitical situation of the Baikal region which is a bridge between Europe and Asia. This defines a new high quality content in the region as a border area. The current problems in the sphere of transport have become a major obstacle to the economic growth in the region and its strategic development. The article presents basic directions for development of various means of transport in the framework of the program documents, it exemplifies major investment projects for transport infrastructure development of the Republic of Buryatia. The author analyzes the relationship scenarios of the regional and transport infrastructure, which results into the transport infrastructure development strategy under the optimistic scenario, which should become an integral part of the strategy for the new industrialization of the country and its regions. The author puts forward the concept to develop an integrated transport and logistics system in the region through transport and industrial centers. The article shows that the development of the transport infrastructure should be managed through transport and logistics centers, which are the centers of the economic growth in the region. The article confirms the position that the integration of the regional transport system into the international transport system will form the Asian macrologistical platform and will provide an opportunity to transform the Republic of Buryatia into an international transport hub. Particular attention is drawn to the development of the new international transport corridor «Mongolian Vector» aimed at servicing transit cargo flows. The article considers prospects of cooperation between Russia, Mongolia and China within the framework of the railway transit traffic between the three countries, which is aimed at creating an investment project to set up the transport and logistics company «ANMET.» 10.5862/JE.221.10 338.47 TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE; REGIONAL ECONOMY; SCENARIOS; INTEGRATED TRANSPORT AND LOGISTICS SYSTEM; INTERNATIONAL TRANSPORTATION HUB. https://economy.spbstu.ru/article/2015.53.10/ bulatov.pdf
RAR RUS 114-123 Salov Aleksandr a-salov@yandex.ru Fedoseev Igor' fedoseev_igor@mail.ru Problems of innovative activity intensification of the investment and construction complex The article discusses methodological approaches to innovation development policy of the investment and construction complex. One approach is to create «field innovation» through stimulating innovation supply by manufacturers. The second approach is direct stimulation of innovation through public procurement. The article analyzes how policy innovation development is carried out in the Russian Federation at the federal level and at the regional level on the evidence of St. Petersburg. The paper compares the existing approaches to the problem in foreign practice, studies the causes of the existing situation, forecasts development of the situation, analyzes the main factors influencing innovative activity of enterprises. Positive factors stimulating demand can be attributed to the direct dependency of demand for innovative products on the well-being of members of society. Growth of consumer income is accompanied by increase in the marginal propensity to consumption of innovative products, and reduction in the marginal propensity to consumption of traditional goods. As this part of innovative products consumption in such conditions is done at the expense of fund savings, marginal propensity to save and marginal propensity to consumption in the short and long term are compensated. Given that innovations are generated by «advancing knowledge», which cannot be produced by customer, according to the results of fundamental research, a general scheme of innovative marketing organization is suggested, which allows integrating the approaches to creation and diffusion of innovation. 10.5862/JE.221.11 338 INTENSIFICATION; INNOVATION; SUPPLY OF INNOVATIONS; DEMAND FOR INNOVATIONS; THE POLICY OF INNOVATIVE DEVELOPMENT. https://economy.spbstu.ru/article/2015.53.11/ salov_fedoseev.pdf
RAR RUS 124-137 Gonin Valerii vngonin@mail.ru Kashurnikov Alexandr tikashurnikova@mail.ru Integrated approach to assessing efficiency of innovative activity at enterprises of power industry The article considers existing approaches to assessing efficiency of innovative activity. The paper provides classification of methods for assessing efficiency of enterprises' innovative activity, identifying their merits and demerits. The authors analyzed efficiency indicators from the position of investment efficiency, depending on the type of effects, and indicators applied at various stages of introducing innovations. The article shows multidimensionality of assessing  efficiency of innovative activity at enterprises of power industry. It means that except for indicators characterizing the economic effect of investments into the innovative activity, it is necessary to estimate the extent of achieving activity objectives in scientific and technological, social, environmental and other spheres; to combine quantitative and qualitative standards; to consider purposes of all participants of the innovative activity. The article validates the necessity to apply expert estimates and presents the technique of assessing the innovative activity of the enterprise on the basis of expert methods, which, in combination with the existing assessment methods, allows enterprises – interested parties – to consider similar data, comparing the innovative activity of the enterprise to the one of other enterprises, estimating advantages and disadvantages of their own resource base, proving thereby the effective cooperation. The authors validate the necessity to calculate the efficiency of the innovative activity through the complex assessment that considers interests of the interested parties – enterprises of power industry. In order to ensure effective management of the innovative activity at enterprises of power industry, it is necessary to consider specific features of power industry and to estimate the external factors that influence efficiency. The paper provides the model presented in the form of the network structure and using methods of a multicriteria choice of decisions. This model helps to solve the problem of selecting the most effective innovative project from positions of different subjects involved in the innovative process. There is formulated the generalizing indicator of assessing the innovative project efficiency in the power industry of the region. 10.5862/JE.221.12 332.14 INNOVATIVE ACTIVITY; POWER INDUSTRY; COMPLEX INDICATOR OF EFFICIENCY ASSESSMENT; EFFICIENCY ASSESSMENT IN POWER INDUSTRY; GENERALIZING INDICATOR OF ASSESSING EFFICIENCY OF INNOVATIVE ACTIVITY. https://economy.spbstu.ru/article/2015.53.12/ gonin_kashurnikov.pdf
RAR RUS 138-145 Lipatnikova Irina irishkaor@gmail.com Shatilova Anastasiia shatilova.anastasiya@gmail.com The dynamics of financing innovation activity in the steel industry sector of Saint-Petersburg The article assesses the innovation potential of Saint Petersburg, analyzes the dynamics of financing  innovation activity in the steel industry of the city and determines the current development trend of the industry under consideration. The estimation of  the innovation potential of Saint Petersburg is based on two methods. The first uses  a functional model with four statistical indicators. The other lies in the calculation of the integral index of innovation activity. The results of the calculations for both methods proved to be different, but, on the whole, confirmed the upward trend. The method of integral evaluation of an innovation activity in the region has shown that the key factors of the innovation potential of Saint Petersburg is the concentration of human and financial resources, as well as the efficient use of these resources. The analysis of the financial performance  of an innovation activity of metallurgical enterprises is based on the consideration of such indicators as the company's expenses on technological innovation, the scope of innovative goods, works and services, as well as the degree of influence of the results of innovation to ensure compliance with modern technical regulations, rules and standards.  The investments of metallurgical enterprises in technological innovation according to the source of funding are analyzed separately. The main reason for the fall-off in the volume of innovative products in 2013 is a market glut and a fall in prices. On average, one-third of the companies annually marks the high impact of innovation. A steady decline in the share of companies that did not pay attention to the impact of innovation results should be noted as a further positive trend. It is also necessary to mention a certain tendency based on the analysis of the importance of an active government support for innovation. 10.5862/JE.221.13 338.45 INNOVATION POTENTIAL; COMPANY INNOVATION ACTIVITIES; TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATION; RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT; STEEL COMPANIES. https://economy.spbstu.ru/article/2015.53.13/ lipatnikova_shatilova.pdf
RAR RUS 146-153 Obaeva Alma oas@npc.ru Isaev Mikhail isaev@npc.ru Gaibov Tural tural-5@mail.ru The features of implementing a real-time retail payment system The changes that have occurred in recent years in the global payment infrastructure, could not but affect the system of retail payments. The article considers the features of implementing a system of retail payments in real time in various countries, contains diagrams and tables to illustrate the technological structure and functioning of payment systems. Special attention is paid to innovations in the field of retail payments, especially to implementation of a system of retail payments in real-time. The main drivers of the transition to the system of retail payments in real-time are analyzed. Examples of introducing the systems of retail payments in the United States, Australia and Japan are examined in detail. Also in the article there are detailed tables describing operation of retail payment systems in various countries around the world. Retail payment systems are used by individuals primarily for settlements with the government and companies, as well as in the P2P mode. They include payments made by payment cards, money transfers without opening bank accounts and transfers of electronic money. Globally, the topic of retail payments in real time is the most discussed one for financial institutions. So, some countries have already implemented this system of payments, in some other countries it is being introduced, while others are only considering the possibility of switching to a system of retail payments in real time in the near future. In this regard, we believe that the system of retail payments in real time will bring tangible benefits to consumers, having such basic advantages as convenience, safety and speed of payments. 10.5862/JE.221.14 336.717.18 PAYMENT SYSTEMS; REAL-TIME RETAIL PAYMENTS; SYSTEM OF REAL-TIME GROSS SETTLEMENTS; INTERBANK PAYMENT SYSTEMS; NETTING. https://economy.spbstu.ru/article/2015.53.14/ obaeva_isaev_gaibov.pdf
RAR RUS 154-163 Bakhramov Yury 7005476276 0000-0002-8228-3109 Peter the Great St.Petersburg Polytechnic University Glukhov Vladimir vicerector.me@spbstu.ru
195251, St.Petersburg, Polytechnicheskaya, 29
 Influence of innovation project financing ways on the share price Implementing an innovation project, investors pay special attention to the revenues that they will receive in the future. Funds needed to implement an innovation project can be raised through the issue of ordinary shares, or due to the issue of debt securities, or through the use of retained earnings. For this reason, investors determine the source of funding that will provide large returns on their invested capital. In addition, each funding source has its risks which affect profitability of the invested capital. For example, funding by attracting debt financing may increase the financial risk. If this risk collectively coincides with the operational risk, the company can face serious financial problems. The main method used to assess the impact of financial decisions on the shareholder's return, is a method of evaluating the relationship between the company's earnings before paying interest on the loan and taxes (EBIT) and earnings per share (EPS). These indicators are linearly related to a specific method of financing, but the proportionality factor reflects the specificity of the method for raising funds. Project financing can also be impacted by the cost of certain methods in attracting financial resources. This paper analyzes changes of income for investors while using various ways of financing with the influence of interest rates on corporate and individual taxes. The resulting estimates of the impact of financing ways, which allow for the effect of a combined set of factors on the value of future cash flows, provide investors with an economically validated decision to choose funding sources for the innovation project. 10.5862/JE.221.15 330 INVESTORS; SHAREHOLDERS; INNOVATION PROJECT; SOURCE OF FUNDING; ORDINARY SHARES; EQUITIES; BONDS; COST OF CAPITAL; PROFITABILITY. https://economy.spbstu.ru/article/2015.53.15/ obaeva_isaev_gaibov.pdf
RAR RUS 164-176 Luzhenskaya Yulia luzhenskaya@mail.ru Mechanism of forward and backward connection in the system of financial controlling at the enterprise The article presents the mechanism of forward and backward connection in the system of financial controlling, which is based on system benchmarks. This mechanism is simple and easy in use. Depending on the external and internal competitive advantages of the company, as well as the general attractiveness of the market, the company's senior management can easily determine their financial goals that the enterprise has to achieve in order to implement its main development goal. This mechanism is easy to understand and is not time-consuming, because each financial goal has its own benchmarks, which are targeted at its implementation. Normative values for each benchmark significantly simplify the operational process. The system of benchmarks, which is the basis of the mechanism of forward and backward connection, is also adapted to the conditions of uncertainty and includes various types of financial risks that the company faces while achieving certain financial goals and objectives, and identifies ways to minimize or eliminate these risks. The proposed mechanism allows monitoring the achievement of the company's strategic and financial goals, and tracking the actual results through «pegging» the budgeting system, management accounting and incentive system to contol indicators of the company performance. The onboard monitoring system will allow the Manager to monitor all the indicators that are critical for achieving the strategic objectives of the division, to monitor the results of the undertaken actions of the division, as well as to take into account credit limits, regulations and requirements of the budget-planning and controlling systems of the company. Thus, the mechanism of forward and backward connection in the system of financial controlling implies the sequential consideration of the company's activities at all levels of management. Ultimately, every employee of the organization processes a personal scorecard, trying to achieve his/her personal goals based on standard values of indicators related to the global objectives of the company. 10.5862/JE.221.16 338.244.1 CONTROLLING; FINANCE; BENCHMARKS; EFFICIENCY; STRATEGY; MANAGEMENT. https://economy.spbstu.ru/article/2015.53.16/ luzhenskaya.pdf
RAR RUS 177-191 Novikova Tat'iana tsnovikova@mail.ru Institutional aspects of spending on human capital and training in estimation of investment projects In modern conditions of the innovative development, human capital investments are made under the project economy which is based on the project as an organizational unit of coordination and a principle of partnership as a way of coordinating the investment activity of participants. The paper proposes an approach to determining the institutional framework for the projects and the relevant contractual relations between participants of the investment activity within financing investments in the human capital at the microeconomic level.The paper shows that training costs may be taken into account to evaluate investment projects in different ways, which leads to various economic and financial consequences. This estimation of investment projects is not limited to a tight framework of commercial (financial) efficiency and includes the analysis of public (economic) efficiency as an important component. The application of such an approach is necessary for innovative projects with a significant gap between financial and economic efficiency, and which demand implementation on principles of the public- private partnership. The methodology of the commercial (financial) efficiency evaluation is proposed for different types of the institutional design of the interaction between participants, who invest in education and training. The simulation model of the investment project was developed as a tool for evaluating the efficiency with a detailed representation of direct and indirect public funding to cover training costs. In order to determine financial effects of the state support, the author used indicators of net present value, calculated on the basis of relevant changes in cash flows. The proposed methods and models are implemented in practical calculations of training costs in the project of nanoceramics production using multivariate experimental studies of contractual relations between the project participants. 10.5862/JE.221.17 65.011.151 SPENDING ON EDUCATION AND TRAINING; FINANCIAL AND ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY; STATE SUPPORT; INSTITUTIONAL DESIGN ; INVESTMENT PROJECT. https://economy.spbstu.ru/article/2015.53.17/ novikova.pdf
RAR RUS 192-197 7005476276 0000-0002-8228-3109 Peter the Great St.Petersburg Polytechnic University Glukhov Vladimir vicerector.me@spbstu.ru
195251, St.Petersburg, Polytechnicheskaya, 29
 Balashova Elena elenabalashova@mail.ru Revealing reserves to increase the efficiency of the industrial enterprise activity by managing core competencies Production management as the science and practice of enterprise management has historically changed following the development of market relations. The main management objective has always been profit maximization and competitive position in the market. Due to current market conditions, high levels of competition exacerbated by the globalization of world markets, the achievement of sustainable competitive advantages has become a difficult task for industrial enterprises. Core competencies, being the main merits or strategic advantages of the business, are a combination of pooled knowledge and technical and technological capabilities that allow this business to be competitive in the market. Understanding core competencies makes it possible for the company to invest in its strengths and to identify effective development strategies. The identification, assessment and use of core competencies allow you to tap into the hidden reserves of the business, thus promoting the productivity and efficiency of its operations, which radically changes the entire logic of the resource management of the company. Building development strategies for industrial enterprises is impossible without the management’s regard for the company's true core competencies, which defines the basis and criteria for their selection. A managerial emphasis on core competencies provides a logic rationale for outsourcing non-core resources or activities. At that, outsourcing serves as an essential accompanying tool to leverage hidden reserves through the allocation and development of core competencies. It is of critical importance to understand the logic of business diversification within the framework of the stated objectives, possible negative consequences and an accurate assessment of potential competitive advantages. 10.5862/JE.221.18 338.314.055.2 CORE COMPETENCIES; RESERVES TO IMPROVE EFFICIENCY; COMPETITIVENESS; STRATEGY; TANGIBLE AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS https://economy.spbstu.ru/article/2015.53.18/ glukhov_balashova.pdf
RAR RUS 198-210 Goraeva Tat'iana tatsiwork@mail.ru Shamina Lubov lkshamina@rambler.ru ИННОВАЦИОННЫЙ СЕКТОР ЭКОНОМИКИ; ИННОВАЦИОННЫЙ ПОТЕНЦИАЛ; МЕТОДИКА МОНИТОРИНГА ИННОВАЦИОННОЙ ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТИ; ИННОВАЦИОННОЕ РАЗВИТИЕ, РЕЗУЛЬТАТИВНОСТЬ ИННОВАЦИОННОГО РАЗВИТИЯ; ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТЬ ИННОВАЦИОННОГО РАЗВИТИЯ Тhe article presents an author's method to monitor and assess innovative activity of enterprises in order to investigate the status and prospects of their functioning. The purpose of this monitoring is to diagnose the state of the high-tech enterprise system performance, taking into account specific features of the high-tech sector, which is especially important in the conditions of economic sanctions. The paper provides a conceptual model to monitor development of innovative enterprises, gives a method to estimate innovative potential of an enterprise, productivity and efficiency of an innovation enterprise. Effectiveness of innovative activity is interpreted by the authors as the level of the achieved positive economic effect due to innovative activity of the enterprise. According to the authors, considering the obtained ratio of the innovative potential and effectiveness of innovative development, one can conclude about the strategy of innovative development. As performance indicators of the strategy of a innovative high-tech enterprise it is proposed to consider the value added per employee or productivity, calculated on gross value added, as well as profitability of sales of high-tech products. Scientific novelty of the proposed method is that it can be used to study the dynamics and efficiency of the potential of an enterprise, to select measures to stimulate development of high-tech enterprises, to develop and realize innovative strategy and assess its efficiency. The methodology for monitoring and evaluation of innovation activities may be used by enterprises’ management teams and executive government bodies. One of the most promising areas for further research in the area of an enterprise’s innovative activity monitoring and evaluation, in our opinion, is development of tools for accounting the stage of innovation life cycle of and enterprise’s life cycle in monitoring. 10.5862/JE.221.19 658 HIGH-TECH SECTORS; INNOVATION CAPACITY; INNOVATIVE DEVELOPMENT MONITORING METHODOLOGY; INNOVATIVE DEVELOPMENT; INNOVATIVE DEVELOPMENT EFFECTIVENESS; INNOVATIVE DEVELOPMENT EFFICIENCY https://economy.spbstu.ru/article/2015.53.19/ goraeva_shamina.pdf
RAR RUS 211-220 Ilyin Igor ilyin@fem.spbstu.ru Rybakov Dmitrii rybakoff.dmitriy@gmail.com Methodological principles of coordinating marketing and logistic strategies at trade enterprise Functional strategies of logistics and marketing are parts of the enterprise's business strategy. The marketing strategy is developed separately from the logistic strategy, which leads to non-optimal business strategies. The present article is devoted to the problem of opposite runs between logistics and marketing. The article introduces concepts of responsive and effective business strategies. The extent of dependence of the logistic strategy on the marketing one determines a responsivity/efficiency ratio for the company's business strategy. The aim of the research is to create the system of methodological principles for developing the balanced business strategy, in coordination with functional strategies of the enterprise's marketing and logistics. In order to achieve the aim, at the first stage, it is essential to develop basic requirements for the customer service of trading companies, i. e. availability, functionality, reliability. Qualitative requirements of consumers are converted into quantitative indices, reflecting the satisfaction of clients' basic needs, values of which are estimated in extreme conditions of the company – at implementing extremely responsive and effective business strategies. The next stage is transformation of quantitative indices of clients' requirements to quantitative indices of the logistic system and estimation of their values at implementing responsive and effective business strategies. At the third stage, estimates of the logistic system indicators are balanced. The research established connection between qualitative basic requirements of consumers, their quantitative indices and quantitative indices of the logistic system at a trade enterprise. Limits of changes for quantitative indices of consumer requirements and the logistic system are determined. The authors offer the methodological principles of developing the business strategy in coordination with functional strategies of marketing and logistics, on the basis of balancing the estimates of the logistic system indicators. Problems of estimating reliability for each of the considered business strategies and the optimality of the balanced business strategy remain unresolved. Reliability estimation depends on a category of customers at a particular company. Optimality estimation of the balanced business strategy is necessary to develop the appropriate technique. 10.5862/JE.221.20 65.01 LOGISTIC SYSTEM; QUANTITATIVE INDICES; MARKETING; LOGISTICS; RESPONSIVE BUSINESS STRATEGY; EFFECTIVE BUSINESS STRATEGY. https://economy.spbstu.ru/article/2015.53.20/ ilin_rybakov.pdf
RAR RUS 221-231 Gileva Tatyana t-gileva@mail.ru Gurina Maria gurina.mariya@yandex.ru Formation of enterprise organizational capital based on implemented innovations Interconnection between intellectual capital management and organizational changes management has been shown. Main problems in organization capital management as a part of an intellectual capital have been highlighted, a complex of interrelated tasks, aimed at their solving has been formed. The following ones have been considered as such tasks: development of structure and functional models of organizational capital and a mechanism of its formation, which would contribute to formalization of new knowledge formalization based on the conversion of individual competences to organizational ones. Different approaches to organizational capital essence and structure as a component of an intellectual capital have been analyzed; it has been suggested to distinguish two components in its structure: organizational capital, which characterizes static aspects and capital of processes as a dynamic component. Organizational management structure, corporate culture, management systems, applicable information technology and knowledge bases, intellectual property have been included in the structure of infrastructure capital. Capital of processes combines business processes providing an enterprise's functioning and going through the process of continual improvement and organizational competences responsible both for operation and development of an enterprise. The process of organizational capital formation is suggested to be studied from the position of organizational changes. The similarities and differences between organizational changes and organizational innovations have been revealed; the advisability to attribute to organizational innovations only those changes for which a relevant project has been initiated. An approach has been suggested to formation of organizational capital, which is based on interaction of human capital and organizational capital elements, with due consideration of changes of consumer preferences, and knowledge formalization process management based on implementation of organizational changes. 10.5862/JE.221.21 658 ORGANIZATIONAL CAPITAL; ORGANIZATIONAL CAPITAL STRUCTURE; STATIC AND DYNAMIC ASPECTS; ORGANIZATIONAL CHANGES; ORGANIZATIONAL INNOVATIONS; KNOWLEDGE FORMALIZATION; CONVERSATION FROM INDIVIDUAL TO ORGANIZATIONAL COMPETENCES. https://economy.spbstu.ru/article/2015.53.21/ gileva_gurina.pdf
RAR RUS 232-244 Karaulov Nickoly Mirolubov Andrei amirolubov@yandex.ru Using dashboards for evaluating the company performance In the context of the current hard economic situation and the consumer demand knockdown, companies need effective tools to monitor the economic results, as this is close to a real-time period. A pre-existing extensive approach to company management, valid in terms of economic stability, becomes unacceptable in crisis. Organizations have to determine the sequence of key steps that will ensure the implementation of tasks with the necessary result. Moreover, the functions of enterprise management controlling will be directed at making an enterprise more concentrated, internally coherent and effective. In order to perform control effectively, it is required to monitor key business processes of an enterprise, including the concentration of  efforts of the executive management. Continuous optimization of enterprise's business processes on the basis of data monitoring depends not only on the succession of stages in the life cycle of the system, but also on its ability to link operational data on productivity with the prehistory, identify trends and find ways to improve processes. The article discusses the role of dashboards to represent the results of management activities in operational, tactical and strategic planning. It shows that the term «dashboard» should be mentioned as a business application to analyze and integrate data, which enables the organization to measure, monitor and control the business with greater efficiency. Thus, it does not refer to a set of graphical and tabular information, but the corporate information system that allows the management of the organization to carry out operational management and to achieve their goals. The article comes up with the example of forming a set of indicators and calculating the integrated performance indicator for a construction company. The authors consider the possibility to use this indicator in drawing up and revising a manufacturing plan for the prospective development of an enterprise. 10.5862/JE.221.22 658.5.012.7 INDICATOR DASHBOARDS; PERFORMANCE MANAGEMENT; TACTICAL DASHBOARD; STRATEGIC DASHBOARD; INTEGRATED PERFORMANCE INDICATOR. https://economy.spbstu.ru/article/2015.53.22/ karaulov_mirolyubov.pdf
RAR RUS 245-253 Stepanchuk Andrei aastepanchuk@yandex.ru Assessment of the economic situation at a small enterprise during crisis Importance of dissemination of financial, investment and economic analysis methods to solve problems of small business management is substantiated in this article. A simplified method is suggested to assess the economic situation of an enterprise. This method allows managers of small businesses to make such assessment in times of financial crisis. The proposed guidelines are issued by order of the employment service in St. Petersburg and are addressed to budding entrepreneurs. They relate to systems of technical and economic parameters, financial analysis techniques, planning and forecasting methods, evaluation of business development projects. Some financial analysis techniques are given with explanations on the methods of calculating the liquidity ratios, business activity, profitability and financial stability. There are also some examples of their calculation on the basis of financial statements and conclusions are given based on the results. Investment analysis methods are considered in the following sequence: purpose and content analysis - determination of the amount of investment required – choice of funding sources - calculation of the most important indicators of investment attractiveness – advice for the investment phase of a project – risk analysis. A practical example of comprehensive analysis and calculation of the economic performance of various business development projects is given in the annex to the methods. The section on forecasting methods describes the structure of the business plan which has been tested during many years of experience in terms of the population self-employment program which is implemented by the Committee on Labor and Employment of St. Petersburg. The methodology proposes simplified assessment methods of business by entrepreneurs themselves, for which representatives of each of the three approaches – property, comparative and profitable ones – are considered. The next section focuses on methodology application in management accounting and budgeting. The necessity of these methods for creation an effective cost management system is shown in this section too. There are also some recommendations about the most important indicators for assessing activities of a small enterprise. The final sections provide practical guidelines on the use of financial budget templates of a small business based on spreadsheets developed with participation of the author of the article. The guidelines vary depending on the legal form of an organization, type of activity and the tax system. 10.5862/JE.221.23 338.1, 338.242.2   SMALL BUSINESS; FINANCIAL ANALYSIS; INVESTMENT ANALYSIS; MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTING; ECONOMIC ANALYSIS; BUDGETING. https://economy.spbstu.ru/article/2015.53.23/ stepanchuk.pdf
RAR RUS 254-262 Pustynnikova Ekaterina ebrezneva@list.ru Modern approaches to the management of production flows of industrial enterprises under the conditions of corporate integration A significant part of  imported engineering development, advanced technologies and equipment provided conditions to develop machine-building enterprises. Now, however, there are a lot of serious problems for the further development of domestic machine-building industry within the context of a wide range of sanctions. Thus, the President set the task to work out an import substitution strategy. It means that  domestic producers have to develop the mechanism of sustainable economic relations. This principle implies a flexible response of all production entities to market development trends, cost optimization, improving product quality and increasing the level of competitive advantages of domestic producers. It should be noted that the key parameters that determine the competitiveness of machine-building enterprises are quality, the duration and timeliness of production and its cost. Accordingly, one of the main conditions of  domestic machine-building industry development is to increase technical and economic efficiency of production and to achieve  target cost parameters and the duration of the production cycle.  It can be achieved by means of an integrated (combined) application of several types of control actions such as – technical and technological rearmament of production, – the  increase of production volumes, the – reduction of overhead costs at the expense of the organizational arrangements, the – coordination of production and intercorporate relations. The integration is of particular interest under the  current economic environment. It  enables the use of various forms of cooperation. Integration trends predetermine the search to reconcile corporate interests of partners in many business areas, the implementation of a balanced public policy and active actions in scientific-technological and socio-economic development [8]. Domestic scientists such as Gadjinsky A. M., Gerstein, E. F., Mirotin L. B., Sergeev V. I.,  Trynev V. A., Khrabrova I. Yu., Fathudinov R. A., Schepkin A. V. made great contribution to the study of various aspects of integrated management. Despite many existing methods and mechanisms for the management of industrial enterprises under the conditions of integration, there is no any  management instrumentation of production flows in the «just in time» with a given cost in terms of industrial cooperation. It requires a theoretical and practical justification and thereby it makes the question relevant. Since machine-building industry is a basic branch of Russian economy, the share of machine building in GRP is more than 10%. The sustained and rapid development of machine-building industry is a necessary factor for the successful economic development of Russia. In addition, machine-building enterprises are points of economic growth that stimulate the socio-economic development of territories and related industries. However, a number of problems that require software solutions at Federal and industry levels currently hinders the development of domestic machine-building industry.  It makes sense to emphasize the following: the volatility of economic relations among subcontractors, closed production, a long production cycle, a significant number of manufacturing operations, enhanced cooperation and an unskilled  level of working and engineering staff. The aforementioned  problems bring the variety of risks and uncertainties that potentially lead to changing parameters in the production program, the deviation from the target value, quality and order processing. 10.5862/JE.221.24 658 INTEGRATION; HARMONIZATION OF CORPORATE INTERESTS; SUBCONTRACTORS; CYCLE PRODUCTION; «PULLING»; «PUSHING» CONTROL SYSTEM; NETWORK MODEL FOR MATERIALS MANAGEMENT https://economy.spbstu.ru/article/2015.53.24/ pustynnikova.pdf
RAR RUS 263-273 Zhdanov Dmitrii djhdanov@mail.ru CEO selection mechanism The key objective of any business owner, which largely determines the future of the company, is to hire an efficient executive who asset management can be trusted with. The aim of this research was to find answers to the following questions: How do the qualities of a hired top-manager influence his future performance? How to identify the best top-manager among several candidates? And how to describe the mechanisms of such an influence at model level?  To solve this problem, the ordinal method of research is used, as it is actively applied in handling similar economic problems. The article presents model tools which allow evaluating applicants for executive positions and comply with the following findings. The potential effectiveness of executives is represented as the utility function of the agent for the principal, which depends on the two key qualities: qualification level and loyalty. The higher, ceteris paribus, is the qualification and loyalty of a hired top-manager, the greater value he will bring to his employer (his company).  So, a wide range of suitable candidates for executive positions can be represented as a system of employee groups distinguished by their utility. The consumer utility of such groups can be interpreted at  the indicated coordinates as the indifference curve of managers’ utility (isocurve). At its every point the utility will be the same, with different combinations of the indicated qualities (merits). Also, the paper describes   a selection algorithm to choose candidates for the top-manager position and an example of how it operates. The developed set of tools can be used to select and hire executives, to gain a better understanding of the relevant mechanisms and to enhance their efficiency. 10.5862/JE.221.25 338.2 AGENCY RELATIONSSHIPS; SELECTION AND RECRUITMENT OF TOP-MANAGERS; QUALIFICATION; LOYALTY; UTILITY OF TOP-MANAGERS https://economy.spbstu.ru/article/2015.53.25/ zhdanov.pdf
RAR RUS 274-282 Sokolov Roman rsok7@rambler.ru Lobanov Viacheslav imlobanov@yandex.ru Planning of the order portfolio of the informatization enterprice based on process approach The urgency of the problem of planning of the order portfolio of the informatization enterprise (information consulting firm) based on process approach is proved. Moreover, the convergence between project and process approaches in planning of the order portfolio of the information consulting firm is shown. Also the study proposes to use an approach of complex three aspect modeling, consisting of substantial, temporal and cost aspects, according to which each business transaction is assessed as a local cost or profit center, and its start and end time is accounted. Requirements of the order portfolio are formulated and it is proposed to use digitized CASE-models of business processes for planning of the order portfolio of the information consulting firm. The study presents an example of a digitized CASE-model of a generalized business process. These digitized CASE-models are used to get data for the economic and mathematical optimization model that is developed to solve the problem of planning of the portfolio of orders, selected from the totality of possible orders to maximize the net present value of the order portfolio and distribute starting dates of realization of each business-process during the planning period. The model provides the need for interruptions in business-processes. The study proposes software to perform calculations according to the model, in accordance with the assessment of its dimension and also gives an example of calculations. 10.5862/JE.221.26 338.984 PROCESS APPROACH; INFORMATIZATION ENTERPRICE; INFORMATION CONSULTING FIRM; PLANNING OF THE PORTFOLIO OF ORDERS; ECONOMIC AND MATHEMATICAL MODEL. https://economy.spbstu.ru/article/2015.53.26/ sokolov_lobanov.pdf
RAR RUS 283-294 Tutukin Victor vktutukin@mail.ru Minimization of the production cycle in the presence of loops in the robot route In this paper we consider the problem of the production process on the robotic line (RL). Organizational and technical aspects of this problem are summarized. Main attention is paid to development of its economic and mathematical aspects, which involves choosing a target function (TF) and its optimization. Using expensive equipment on the RL calls for minimizing its downtime. Consideration of these requirements is contributed by choosing the production cycle as a CP length , which should be minimized. Construction of an optimal timetable (schedule) of the RL work is reduced by the author to finding the route of the multi-tasking robot when it is servicing the rest of the RL equipment. The novelty in this case is replacement of the traditionally considered straight route for the robot route with loops, which in many cases allows reducing duration of the production cycle. Minimizing FIT on so many robot routes demanded, as shown in the article, elaboration of an auxiliary problem, which the author names the problem of marking numbers. This particular task is still unique and highly specialized, but it can be used in other situations as well. It can be referred to the class of scheduling theory problems (i..e, discrete optimization), namely, optimization of functions that are set on combinations. The paper describes in detail the situation of this problem occurrence and its strict formulation. Its solution has not been previously shown. In this paper this gap is filled in. The solution to this problem, as well as construction of the optimal calendar schedule of the robotic line operation is illustrated by specific numerical data. 10.5862/JE.221.27 519.86 ROBOTIC LINE; MULTYPLE-MACHINE SERVICE; OPTIMAL SCHEDULE; DISCRETE OPTIMIZATION; OPTIMAL COMBINATION https://economy.spbstu.ru/article/2015.53.27/ tyutyukin.pdf
RAR RUS 295-302 Kurbanov, Artur kurbanov-83@yandex.ru Zykov Dmitrii Logistic capacities allocation algorithm of industrial and logistics complexes between public and private consumers Functioning of the logistic system of the military organization of the country is directly related to the condition of its infrastructure, whose important component is stationary storage objects of material and technical resources and technical means. Equipment and facilities of these objects affect preservation of property and timely provision with relevant material and technical means of special consumers and, consequently, economic and operational efficiency of their operation. Improper storage of material resources leads to their deterioration and impossibility of their use in everyday activities. In its turn, unsustainable operation of storage capacities may cause not only a significant increase in financial expenses which is unacceptable with limited funding, but also increase the time to provide departments with supplies. Due to feasibility of developing stationary storage objects Russian Ministry of Defense decided to form a system of production and logistics facilities on the basis of public-private partnerships. The paper deals with the specifics of production and logistics facilities operation as centers of joint military and civilian use. It is shown that the key to the success of production and logistics centers functioning project is to create a distribution algorithm of logistical capacities of these centers between the military and civilian customers. An algorithm for distribution of logistics capacities, based on attaching of the military user’s needs to the level of military threats. A technique for calculating the value of logistics capacities intended for servicing the military user. It is shown that the essence of controlling the distribution of logistics capacities is to replace commercial orders with orders from a military customer, depending on the current geopolitical situation. A model is proposed to reserve additional capacities and methods of assessing the costs of the state budget to pay for the services of the production and logistics complex operator. The results of the research are of interest not only for specialists of government bodies (represented by the Ministry of Defence of the Russian Federation), but may be useful for management teams of logistics organizations. 10.5862/JE.221.28 334.02 LOGISTICS; MILITARY LOGISTICS; PRODUCTION AND LOGISTICS COMPLEX; DISTRIBUTION OF LOGISTICS CAPACITIES; CALCULATION OF FEES FOR LOGISTICS SERVICES. https://economy.spbstu.ru/article/2015.53.28/ kurbanov_zykov.pdf
RAR RUS 303-311 Kosolapova Natal'ia nakosolapova@sfedu.ru Matveeva Liudmila matveeva_lg@mail.ru Economic and mathematical coordination models for water consumption strategies of economic agents The article examines the application of economic-mathematical methods for the coordination of the interests of the subjects of the Russian Federation in the allocation of limited water resources in the basin of the Don River. The regions located in the basin of the Don are among the most economically developed and densely populated areas of the Russian Federation. In this regard, the problem of providing the population and industries of these areas with water is one of the most important. This work aims at designing a system of tools to support administrative decision-making in respect of the allocation of limited water resources among the regions of the Don River basin, acting as economic agents. When making the choice of the tools, the specifics of supplying individual water users were factored in. To solve such problems, economic-mathematical methods should be applied as they allow developing a solution to the issues of interregional cooperation on the basis of optimal decision-making relying  on the development indicators of regional economies. The task of resource allocation involves a preliminary review of the group of economic entities close to each other in terms of socio-economic development, i.e.  consumers of the resource, and then the distribution of water resources within the split groups by employing a priority mechanism. This problem can be handled with the help of the game-theoretic model where Nash-Stackelberg equilibrium solutions involve mixed strategies. The proposed approach is a tool to facilitate decision-making, it allows the governing body to increase the validity of management decisions on water allocation in specific situations, which is essential for organizations operating under conditions of uncertainty and information asymmetry. 10.5862/JE.221.29 330.43+330.15   WATER ALLOCATION; MARKET RELATIONS; PRIORITY MECHANISM; GAME-THEORETIC MODEL; NASH-STACKELBERG  EQUILBRIUM; MIXED STRATEGIES. https://economy.spbstu.ru/article/2015.53.29/ kosolapova_matveeva.pdf
RAR RUS 312-319 Filatov Evgenii johnru3000@rambler.ru Factor analysis of the model indicating the sustainablity of the economic growth of the enterprise The article presents the author's resource-management model indicating the sustainability of economic growth that allows identifying the primary causes of changes in the sustainability coefficient in a more substantiated way. The resource-management model is analyzed by applying the author’s integral factor method. Recently, factor analysis has become an element of management, a tool to evaluate the operational safety of business entities. The introduced resource-management model of the sustainability of economic growth is designed to identify and analyze the factors determining the performance efficiency of commercial organizations, to evaluate their impact and emerging trends in their changes and significance. To properly evaluate the effectiveness of decisions taken on the basis of data analysis, enterprise management should be well reasoned. Under current highly competitive conditions, management decisions  cannot be intuitive or approximate, they should be based on accurate calculations and thorough  economic analysis. The results of data analysis thus constitute a basis for the development and execution of management decisions. Economic analysis is a management function that ensures the scientific character of decision-making. Such an analysis relies on the system of indicators and analytical tables, the logic of selection and preparation of which involves the analysis of the status and dynamics of the economic potential of the enterprise, the results and effectiveness of its use. Deterministic factor analysis aims to identify the influence of error-free factors on the value of the effective index. In the presence of market relations,  it is most suitable for practical application. The article introduces an alternative approach to making an integral assessment of the impact of the factors on the generalizing indicator. The author’s method of integral factor analysis gives an opportunity to make a more comprehensible and less time-consuming conclusion about changes in the financial state of a company as well as to evaluate the degree of the impact of the factors on the variations of the analyzed indicator in a management system and its change trends. 10.5862/JE.221.30 657.4 FACTOR ANALYSIS; INTEGRAL METHOD; DEFLECTION; ADDITIONAL GROWTH OF THE EFFECTIVENESS INDICATOR; ECONOMIC GROWTH. https://economy.spbstu.ru/article/2015.53.30/ filatov.pdf