π-Economy

RAR RUS 7-17 Afonasova Margarita Ensuring sustainable development of industrial enterprises in the conditions of digital and ESG transformation The problems of digital business transformation in combination with the ESG agenda are being updated in the context of the need to ensure the sustainable functioning and development of domestic industry. The article discusses the concept of combining the processes of digital and ESG business transformations, and substantiates the need for its application at Russian industrial enterprises. The article shows that digital transformation makes it possible to develop the practice of sustainable development of industrial enterprises. The relevance of the study is due to the need to ensure sustainable development of industry in the context of digitalization and ESG transformation. The purpose of the article is to justify the feasibility of combining the processes of digital and ESG business transformations into a single strategy and to present the concept of such a combination. The article reveals the features of applying the concept of ESG transformation in combination with digitalization processes. This paper examines the tools of ESG transformation and the features of their use in modern realities. The article proposes an approach based on an analysis of the current practice of automating business processes at industrial enterprises in the context of reflecting modern trends and opportunities for digital and ESG transformations of industry, carried out using the basic concepts of the theory of sustainable development and general system methodology. Analysis of the possibilities and potential of combining digital and ESG transformation processes using these tools will help to form a scientifically based view on solving the problem of ensuring the sustainable development of an industrial enterprise in the face of digitalization challenges. ESG risks and their impact on achieving sustainable development goals are identified and described. Recommendations are proposed for the formation of a special enterprise sustainability management loop, in which a preventive mechanism will be implemented to prevent emissions of enterprise parameters beyond the boundaries of sustainability under the negative influence of external and internal factors, implemented using artificial intelligence technology. The proposed concept of managing sustainable industrial development is based on an analysis of existing management practice in its evolutionary aspect, carried out using an interdisciplinary approach. 10.18721/JE.17301 338.2 sustainable development ESG principles digital transformation management industrial enterprise technologies https://economy.spbstu.ru/article/2024.107.1/ 01_Afonasova.pdf

RAR RUS 18-32 Lozin Yulia Litvinenko Alexander Lanfk@mail.ru Intellectual property protection as a key element in the development of the knowledge economy Intellectual property is defined as one of the main elements and catalysts of scientific and technological development of the country. On the way to an innovative and sustainable future, the protection of intellectual property is a key element of such a paradigm of economic development. From a management perspective, the protection of intellectual property is important to maintaining business competitiveness and a country’s economic growth. Taking into account the growing competition in the technology market and its specificity, it is necessary to improve the protection of new knowledge for the effective use of intellectual capital. The object of the study is the knowledge economy as an economic system in which human capital and intellectual property are the basis of knowledge-intensive activities that contribute to the development of technical and scientific innovations. The subject of the study is management relations for the protection of intellectual property objects as the results of intellectual activity. The purpose of the study. Analysis of existing contradictions and proposal of possible ways to overcome them, concluded in the protection of intellectual property as a key element of the development of the intelligent economy. Research objectives. 1. To carry out a retrospective analysis of scientific definitions characterizing the concept of “intelligent economy” and to determine the field of the author's scientific search. 2. To identify and formulate economic, legal and interdisciplinary contradictions in the protection of intellectual property. 3. To formulate proposals to balance the interests of the subjects in the formation and use of the results of intellectual work. Materials and methods. The set goal was achieved through the search and theoretical analysis of scientific literature, collection of scientific information from open sources with an assessment of the relevance of the information and analysis of the data obtained. Abstract-logical and structural-logical analysis were used to achieve the results. Results. Based on the results of the analysis of scientific publications in the field of intellectual property protection, the main characteristics of the concept of “intelligent economy” were highlighted. Based on the analysis of the concepts of “intelligent economy” and “digital economy”, the relations of their semantic boundaries were determined. The concepts of “intellectual capital” and “intellectual property” were also meaningfully correlated. Structuring information about the current state of the field of intellectual property protection made it possible to identify and position key problems in this field of management as economic, legal and interdisciplinary. This fact has led to the conclusion that the lack of uniform standards in the legal regulation of intellectual property protection affects the development of the economy. The analysis of contradictions made it possible to propose recommendations for the protection of intellectual property at the state level and within the enterprise. The established boundaries of legal protection of intellectual property objects do not allow the protection of intellectual capital in its “pure” form, which can lead to a decrease in private interest and reduce the effectiveness of innovative development. The presented recommendations can be useful from a theoretical and practical point of view when creating and implementing intellectual property protection tools. Conclusions. The article formulates recommended organizational and legal measures to balance the interests of subjects in the formation and use of the results of intellectual work. It is shown that the author's loss of his intellectual property in the form of intellectual labor, and as a result, the lack of assessment of private intellectual capital as the main element of value creation, can affect the development of the intelligent economy due to the gradual decrease in private interest in developments. 10.18721/JE.17302 338.24 intellectual property intelligent economy intellectual capital intangible assets protection of intellectual property objects https://economy.spbstu.ru/article/2024.107.2/ 02_Lozina%2C-Litvinenko.pdf

RAR RUS 33-51 Balog Mikhail V-1094-2019 56968223000 0000-0002-0941-6358 Peter the Great St.Petersburg Polytechnic University Babkin Alexander babkin@spbstu.ru

Russia, 195251, St.Petersburg, Polytechnicheskaya, 29

Determinants of accelerating digitalization processes in the context of ensuring the economic security of the region Russia's lag behind world leaders in the field of digitalization increases attention to accelerating the relevant processes in the context of ensuring economic security. The purpose of the study is to establish the determinants that determine the importance of accelerating digitalization processes to ensure the economic security of the region. The study uses methods of systemic, comparative, functional, statistical and cause-and-effect analysis. All of them are designed to identify factors that actualize the increase in the pace of digitalization in order to ensure the economic security of the region. A content analysis of individual development programs of the Federal subjects of Russia was also carried out regarding the use of digital technologies as a tool for the development of depressed regions of the country, which allowed to draw a number of conclusions. Firstly, it has been determined that Russia lags behind the developed countries of the world in terms of the pace of digitalization of the economy and the contribution of digital technologies to GDP, while maintaining generally positive internal dynamics of the corresponding digital development processes against the background of their structural shortcomings. It is substantiated that, despite significant successes, the digitalization of Russia is catching up, while the digital gap between the regions of the country determines a much more serious lag behind the leading world standards of outsider regions. It is concluded that ensuring the economic security of Russia directly depends on the quantitative and qualitative parameters of the digital transformation of regions at a level corresponding to the developed countries of the world. Secondly, digital tools are identified as an effective tool for the development of regional economies. Based on a content analysis of individual development programs for lagging Federal subjects of Russia and statistical analysis of data, it was revealed that only half of depressed regions contain single sector-specific activities in the field of digitalization, with most of them clearly lagging behind the leaders of national digital development. Strategies for using digital technologies to bring depressed regions onto a path of sustainable development and the threats to economic security that accompany this process are systematized. Thirdly, the need for personnel to fill vacant jobs was diagnosed to be high nationwide and very different regionally. Models for solving the problem of labor shortage are substantiated: extensive, intensive and mixed. The use of a mixed, predominantly extensive model is determined to be unjustified due to the accompanying set of threats to economic security and the ineffectiveness of the model in the long term. The mixed, predominantly intensive model is recognized as economically feasible, but currently its technical and technological component is experiencing implementation limitations due to the catching-up nature of the digitalization of the Russian Federation and sanctions pressure on the supply of high-tech products from unfriendly states. It is proposed to set up the migration component of this model on the basis of scientifically based forecasting of demand for migrant labor and selective selection when attracting specialists from abroad. Further research will be aimed at clarifying the trends in digital transformation that influence the management of the economic security of the region. 10.18721/JE.17303 332.1 economic security digitalization globalization digital technologies regional differentiation labor market migration innovation https://economy.spbstu.ru/article/2024.107.3/ 03_Balog%2C-Babkin.pdf

RAR RUS 52-67 Krakovskaya Irina Korokoshko Yulia Anikina Natal’ya Development of business models of industrial enterprises in the digital economy: conceptual aspects The industrial sector of the Russian Federation is currently called upon to provide the necessary foundation for the formation of technological sovereignty of the country, necessary for the effective functioning of the domestic economy. The ongoing digital transformation of all industries is aimed at maintaining the technological independence of enterprises and the state, accelerating the technological development of Russian companies and ensuring the competitiveness of manufactured products. At the same time, the business models of many domestic industrial enterprises are still on the way to achieving digital maturity in the global market. The conceptual methodological database of aspects is a fundamental, but less studied area of the enterprise business modeling process. Therefore, the study of conceptual approaches to the development of business models of industrial companies in the Russian Federation in the context of digitalization of the economy is extremely relevant. The authors have established that the conceptual approach to the development of a business model of an industrial enterprise should be based on determining the possibilities of digitalization of its business processes, assessing the level of digital maturity and readiness for business transformation. As a result, the study showed that the assessment of the achieved parameters of digital maturity of enterprises should be based on an objective analysis of the prerequisites, factors and conditions for the development of business models of enterprises under the influence of various digitalization processes. The fundamental methods of factor and strategic analysis allowed the authors to identify the most significant opportunities and threats for domestic industries, caused by the influence of global trends in the digitalization of the socio-economic environment and the digital transformation of enterprises in general. The results of the study are supported by a systematic study of scientific works by leading experts in the field of digital economy, as well as data from an expert survey conducted in 2022 of representatives of enterprises in the industrial sector in several regions of our country. The study identified factors that not only impede the processes of digital transformation of business, but also stimulate them. The specification of these factors, as well as the conceptual aspects of the development of business models of industrial enterprises of the Russian Federation in the digital economy outlined in this regard, can be useful both to practical managers of the domestic industry and to a wide range of researchers of modern global trends in the ongoing digitalization of the economy. 10.18721/JE.17304 65.011.56 digitalization digital transformation industry Industry 4.0 business model conceptual approach https://economy.spbstu.ru/article/2024.107.4/ 04_Krakovskaya%2C-Korokoshko%2C-Anikina.pdf

RAR RUS 68-80 57194408404 0000-0003-0970-3143 East-Siberian State University of Technology and Management Bulatova Nadezhda bulatova_nad@mail.ru Dudin. Vasilii Alekseev Aleksey Formation of a digital ecosystem of regional transport and logistics infrastructure The article discusses the development of the regional integrated transport and logistics infrastructure (TLI) in the context of its digital transformation. It is shown that the main problem of this development is the lack of a comprehensive strategy. It has been proven that effective management of transport and logistics supply chains is possible only with the implementation of digital reform of TLI, with the construction of digital platforms that allow the formation of a new type of TLI with its own digital appearance. The basis for the digital transformation of TLI is the development of a digital ecosystem model based on industry transport standards, the outline of which is determined by the participants in the transport and logistics service system operating in the same territory. In this regard, the work presents a scheme of transport and logistics services for the region, highlighting the composition of its participants. A feature of the formation of the presented digital ecosystem model is the modular architecture of its construction, based on the levels of cross-industry interaction between participants in transport and logistics services. A logical sequence for the formation of a digital ecosystem of regional TLI is proposed, which is based on a platform approach that brings a change in the logic of technological and functional transportation processes in transport. The process of forming an ecosystem consists of building a number of modules depending on the level of interaction of participants under consideration. At the TLI enterprise level, a digital model is built consisting of a data factory and digital infrastructure. At the level of interaction between transport industry enterprises, a unified digital platform of the transport complex is being built. At the level of cross-industry interaction between transport and its users, a unified digital transport and production platform is being built in a single digital environment. Finally, at the level of interaction between all participants in transport and logistics services in the region, a digital ecosystem is being built based on digital information resources provided by government resources. The ecosystem is presented as an information system that unites all participants in transport and logistics services through the introduction of digital information resources into transport processes in a single information space. Recommendations are presented for further areas of research into the theory and methodology of digital transformation of TLI in the context of its interaction and transport cooperation with geopolitical partners and, on this basis, the formation of a cyber meta-ecosystem in the interstate information space. 10.18721/JE.17305 338.47 transport infrastructure regional transport and logistics service system digital transformation digital platform ecosystem https://economy.spbstu.ru/article/2024.107.5/ 05_Bulatova%2C-Dudin%2C-Alekseev.pdf

RAR RUS 81-89 Kumratova Alfira 55968032400 0000-0002-3784-6195 St. Petersburg State University of Economics Plotnikov Vladimir plotnikov_2000@mail.ru Application of nonlinear dynamics and machine learning methods for forecasting economic volatile processes The emergence of new computer technologies has made it possible to study (visualize) virtually any complex phenomena and processes literally on the display screen. The development of economic and mathematical modeling is influenced by the latest mathematical methods of nonlinear dynamics applied to any field and subject of research. The methods of classical statistics for forecasting economic time series are based on the mathematical apparatus of econometrics. This basing is carried out under the assumption that the observations making up the predicted time series are independent, due to which the necessary subordination to the normal law is satisfied. The latter, however, is the exception rather than the rule for financial and economic time series that have so-called long-term memory. The problem of forecasting and the closely related problem of assessing future economic risks in the conditions of turbulence in the development of the Russian economy, which has manifested itself in recent years, have become especially acute. In the conditions of observed turbulence, economic dynamics become poorly predictable by traditional methods and nonlinear. The direction (growth or decline) of indicators often changes. The research presented in the paper was carried considering the fact that by now there are no complete theories of forecasting time series with memory, which determines the relevance and need to develop new mathematical methods and algorithms to identify the possible predictability of time series with memory and build adequate predictive models. All of the above points to the relevance of developing a qualitatively new methodological approach that ensures the formation of informed management decisions in conditions of uncertainty and risk. The object of the study is time series of economic indicators. The subject of the study is the mathematical, statistical and instrumental apparatus of systems to support management decision-making and forecasting in the economy. The article describes the procedure for constructing models and presents the results of their testing for a linear cellular automaton, the exponential smoothing method, and the Holt–Winters method. During the study, large volumes of data were processed. At the same time, daily, weekly and seasonal indicators are considered. This made it possible to adequately describe and predict the nonlinear dynamics of time series. Using all three levels of analysis simultaneously allows you to get a more complete understanding of the dynamics of time series indicators. In the article, the proposed tools are tested using the example of platinum prices. The developed economic and mathematical apparatus is also applicable to other time series characterizing certain economic variables. 10.18721/JE.17306 330.4 economic forecasting machine learning methods linear cellular automaton commodity market exponential smoothing https://economy.spbstu.ru/article/2024.107.6/ 06_Kumratova%2C-Plotnikov.pdf