π-Economy

REV RUS 7-26 Frolov Konstantin KFrolov@korusconsulting.ru V-1094-2019 56968223000 0000-0002-0941-6358 Peter the Great St.Petersburg Polytechnic University Babkin Alexander babkin@spbstu.ru

Russia, 195251, St.Petersburg, Polytechnicheskaya, 29

Frolov Aleksandr Concept and essence of digitalization and digital transformation based on fundamental and applied aspects of the systems-cybernetic theory Digitalization, a phenomenon that continues to actively develop in the world, is faced with the lack of a clear, methodologically consolidated definition in literary sources. Despite its long development path, the concept of digitalization and the closely related term “digital transformation” currently do not have a single scientific and applied definition. One of the articles provides the following definition of digitalization: “Digitalization is about the systems of interaction and the systems of understanding digitized data”. In this context, Gartner’s interpretation is also mentioned, where digitalization refers to the impact on the company’s business model and its effectiveness. The authors of the article propose a more complete definition of the concepts of “digitalization” and “digital transformation” (which are inextricably linked to each other), based on the basic concepts of systems-cybernetic theory and the general methodology of enterprise architecture. The lack of a clear definition of digitalization does not hinder its development, since the concept is intuitively understandable, and specialists find a common language. Nevertheless, the lack of a logically structured approach to the definition of this concept and related terms is an obstacle to the development of methodology, taxonomies and communication between specialists. This affects the speed, efficiency and security of the development of digitalization and related areas in science and engineering. Solving this problem will be a key factor for a more successful and sustainable development of digitalization in the future. The reader is offered an approach based on the analysis of the current practice of automation in its evolutionary aspect, performed using the basic concepts of systems-cybernetic theory, the general methodology of enterprise architecture. The analysis of digitalization using these tools will help to form a scientifically based, structured view of this concept and formulate some elements of taxonomy in this area. Applying the obtained method, the authors proposed the concept of “digitalization”, as well as “digital transformation” (which is inextricably linked with the previous concept). In the article, the authors limited the area in which digitalization is analyzed to the corporate sector. 10.18721/JE.17101 65.011.56 digitalization enterprise architecture applied systems and cybernetic knowledge taxonomy of the digital sphere corporate sector https://economy.spbstu.ru/article/2024.105.1/ 01_Frolov%2C-Babkin%2C-Frolov.pdf

RAR RUS 27-40 Myan Veronika Forecasting models using artificial intelligence in sectoral economy The instruments of economic regulation have a significant impact in managing the social standard of living in the country and in the global community. One of the priority areas of economic management is the sectoral economy. To date, there are quite a large number of forecasting methods in the economy and, in particular, in the sectoral economy. The methods vary according to the forecasting objectives and input data. Statistical econometric methods and artificial intelligence methods are considered the most popular. This article is devoted to forecasting in the agricultural sector of the economy using artificial intelligence methods. Several approaches are considered, consisting of a predictive block and a combination of empirical and predictive blocks. The system of crop simulation AGROTOOL is used as an empirical block. The predictive block uses three machine learning methods: the Random Forest algorithm, Ridge Regression method, and Lasso Regression method. These machine learning methods were chosen due to the multicollinearity of the data. Thus, the random forest algorithm was considered in two variations: with and without the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) method. In this paper, in addition to analyzing predictive models, the author also analyzed the selection of key parameters of the random forest PCA and ridge regression: n_components and α methods, respectively. Based on the results of numerical experiments, it can be concluded that depending on the input of the forecast block of data, which may be the values of natural factors (soil moisture content, temperature, solar radiation, average daily specific humidity, specific humidity of leaf saturation, etc.), or the results of formula calculations, the most effective methods of machine learning are random forest and ridge regression. The use of the ridge regression method is most effective with the data preprocessed by AGROTOOL. At the same time, the random forest method produced a small fractional error when forecasting without AGROTOOL and with the combined data. 10.18721/JE.17102 338.27 forecasting in economics artificial intelligence AGROTOOL random forest principal component method ridge regression lasso regression https://economy.spbstu.ru/article/2024.105.2/ 02_Myan.pdf

RAR RUS 41-54 57194408404 0000-0003-0970-3143 East-Siberian State University of Technology and Management Bulatova Nadezhda bulatova_nad@mail.ru Dugina Evdokiya Dorgieva Elena Digital development of regional transport infrastructure A necessary condition for the implementation of the transformation processes of regional economic systems, which have been intensively occurring in recent years, is the digital transformation of the transport and logistics infrastructure. Digital transport is a key element of the new architecture of relationships driven by the corresponding digital transformations in all industries and the need to integrate the Russian Federation and its regions into a new world order. The scientific significance of the informatization process lies both in the implementation of the priority direction for the development of digital transport systems adopted by the Strategy of Scientific and Technological Development of the Russian Federation until 2035 during their transition to the next technological structure, and in the significance of the development of the theoretical and methodological foundations of the digital transformation strategy. The task of the digital transformation of the transport and logistics infrastructure, according to the authors, is to develop a conceptual framework for constructing the organizational and functional structure of a digital integrated platform, which is the information and analytical core of the transport and logistics ecosystem, through which the information flows of all its subjects are managed. This article proposes the authors’ approach to the formation of a digital platform model. The logical sequence and description of its construction are outlined in the digital agenda compiled by the authors: its elements are presented in the form of target programs, which together reveal the theoretical and methodological foundations of the functioning of the digital platform, taking into account the requirements of digitalization of the transport industry. The digital virtual outline of the digital integrated platform model is formed through key architectural decisions, which include the Public Administration portal, a portal of world standards of information interaction, the formation of an information infrastructure, which in its entirety represents a digital asset, which is the basis of digital transformations in transport. The architecture of the digital information platform of the transport and logistics infrastructure is built through the combination of interactions between a number of digital platforms. They include the base platform, which accumulates an array of data from the transport and logistics infrastructure participants, the technological platform, as a portfolio of information tools, and the application platform, which, through the integration of the two previous platforms and taking into account changing logistics prospects, develops scenarios for digital solutions. At the same time, the set tasks for the digital transformation of transport and logistics infrastructure are divided into long-term, medium-term and short-term perspectives. In the long-term conditions, the implementation of the assigned tasks ensures the construction of a framework, a virtual outline of the digital information platform; the tasks of the medium-term period represent design solutions, while the short-term tasks are the preparatory period necessary to form the foundation for future developments. The implementation of the proposed option for the formation of a digital platform based on digital solutions and software will make it possible to create a unified digital information transport and logistics space. This space will unite various links in the logistics chain that meet both the real needs of transport and logistics services and the current and future level of development of digital technologies in transport. 10.18721/JE.17103 338.49 transport and logistics infrastructure digital transformation digital platform transport and logistics ecosystem https://economy.spbstu.ru/article/2024.105.3/ 03_Bulatova%2C-Dugina%2C-Dorzhieva.pdf

RAR RUS 55-69 7005476276 0000-0002-8228-3109 Peter the Great St.Petersburg Polytechnic University Glukhov Vladimir vicerector.me@spbstu.ru

195251, St.Petersburg, Polytechnicheskaya, 29

Loginov Aleksandr Assessing the impact of telecommunications infrastructure on the growth of national economy The paper examines the relationship between indicators of telecommunications infrastructure and indicators of national economic development. The environment for the development of digital and information communications determines the intellectual level of society, the technologies used and management decisions made. In the near future, countries with modern telecommunications infrastructure will become leaders in innovative development. This will ensure high labor productivity, quality and expectancy of life. To objectively perceive the relevance of the development of telecommunications infrastructure, it is necessary to have a clear understanding of the degree of impact of the parameters of the telecommunications infrastructure on the indicators of areas of activity, industries and the national economy as a whole. Such connections should be based on the structuring of indicators, the methodological formalization of calculation rules, and quantitative relationships for specific examples. The study made it possible to identify three areas of effectiveness of the telecommunications infrastructure (direct macroeconomic, indirect macroeconomic, secondary through quality of life indicators) and to propose a structured set of methodological formulas for calculating the result and efficiency of the telecommunications infrastructure. Examples of research results show quantitative assessments of the relationship between indicators of the development of telecommunications infrastructure and the characteristics of individual areas of life. The assessment of the potential of the national telecommunications infrastructure is considered using the example of assessing indicators of digital quality of life. It allows you to compare the state of telecommunications infrastructure across time periods, countries and regions. The article notes that the indicators of telecommunications infrastructure are a determining factor for the progress of the national economy and the quality of life of the population. Countries with a higher level of telecommunications have higher rates of productivity, innovation improvement, wages, and life expectancy. The presented study systematizes the indicators of telecommunications infrastructure and shows their connection with macroeconomic indicators and indicators of digital quality of life. The assessment of the integral effectiveness of the use of telecommunications infrastructure is considered. We recommend using the proposed assessments of the quantitative relationship between indicators of telecommunications infrastructure and indicators of the national economy to assess the effectiveness, efficiency, and prospects of telecommunications infrastructure and individual infrastructure products. 10.18721/JE.17104 330 national economy telecommunications infrastructure economic growth quality of life quality indicators integral performance https://economy.spbstu.ru/article/2024.105.4/ 04_Gluhov%2C-Loginov.pdf

RAR RUS 70-87 56436586400 0000-0003-3042-7550 Penza State University Gamidullaeva Leyla Regional economic resilience: bibliometric analysis of the research The problem of ensuring the resilience of regional economic systems to shocks and upheavals has become especially urgent in recent years. The conceptual approach that forms its theoretical basis remains vague and inconsistent, primarily due to the complexity and multifaceted nature of this issue. This necessitates further research aimed at deepening the understanding of the regional resilience phenomenon through the formation of a knowledge structure model of this problem field. The purpose of the work is to identify key aspects and current directions for the development of the concept of regional economic resilience based on the method of bibliometric analysis. The methodological basis of the study was the method of bibliometric analysis combined with network analysis methods. The empirical basis of the study consisted of publications on the topic of regional economic resilience downloaded from the international scientometric database Web of Science. The instrumental basis for the analysis included VOSviewer program, version 1.6.20. During the first stage of the study, the author identified the dynamics of research interest in this topic for the period from 1995 to 2023, the most cited authors and their country affiliation. At the second stage, keywords in this subject field were analyzed, which made it possible to determine the most relevant aspects of studying the problem of regional economic resilience. In addition, clusters of keywords that form individual scientific directions within the analyzed issues were visualized. Analysis of the connections of individual keywords made it possible to identify the factors of regional sustainability most often analyzed by researchers (economic specialization/diversification of the regional economy, institutions, entrepreneurship, innovation, and others). The results of the study expand the understanding of the conceptual approach to regional economic resilience by presenting a holistic view of the problem, identifying and summarizing the various approaches of the authors, and presenting the structure of knowledge in this problem field. Economic resilience is seen not only as the ability of an economy to withstand shocks and recover quickly, but also as the ability of an economy to adapt to constant environmental and social changes. Sustainability is the result of the interaction of internal and external key participants in regional economic systems (economic entities, decision makers, representatives of society), in conjunction with the internal structure of the regional economy and regional potential (resources and human capital). 10.18721/JE.17105 332.12, 338.12 bibliometric analysis regional economic resilience sustainability external shocks diversification economic structure systems approach https://economy.spbstu.ru/article/2024.105.5/ 05_Gamidullaeva.pdf

RAR RUS 88-102 57190260598 0000-0001-6888-1981 V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University Kirilchuk Svetlana skir12@yandex.ru

Prospekt Vernadskogo 4 , Simferopol, Republic of Crimea, 295007

Morozova Irina Foresight of innovative processes in the environics of production systems The article reveals such urgent problems and areas of environmentalism as modern processes of interaction between production and the environment; increasing the sustainability of the environmental impact of production processes and innovative ways of this influence. The reasons for the need for research in the field of environics based on economic and environmental effects, technological progress, and social aspects are emphasized. The purpose of the study: to identify and reflect current trends in the field of foresight of innovative processes in the environics of production systems; to present the cyclical economic mechanism of innovation and develop a graphical model of foresight innovation in environics with a description of its components, information flows, narrative of the main stages of modeling. Graphical modeling of forecasting breakthrough innovations in the environics of production systems with a description of the narrative of forecasting the stages of foresight of innovations is based on the database of a long-time lag of domestic and foreign research in the field of environics, methods of analyzing data on innovations, their impact on production and the environment. Results. Effective innovative processes in environics are reflected: emission purification technologies; integration of environics into production processes; digitalization and automation; energy efficiency improvement. Examples of possible use of breakthrough innovations in the field of environics in the industrial practice of the Russian Federation are given: smart cities; renewable energy; intelligent waste management systems; smart buildings; environmental monitoring; innovations in the field of water use. The economic mechanism of innovation in the environics of production systems and the factors of creating a digital model for forecasting the foresight of innovation are described. The practical value of the results obtained lies in the accentuated involvement of the scientific community into the acute pressing problems of the environmental efficiency of innovative processes in environics. The conclusions contain a step-by-step narrative of the developed graphical model demonstrating the interrelationships between various aspects of foresight innovation in the environment: from research and development to technological solutions and end products and services, which also reflects the importance of feedback and flows of knowledge and technology to improve and optimize innovation processes. Further research can be aimed at developing cooperation between government, business and society in order to successfully realize the potential of environics and invest in effective innovative industrial and environmental developments. 10.18721/JE.17106 316.422.44 environics innovative processes foresight production systems breakthrough innovations graphical model forecasting narrative https://economy.spbstu.ru/article/2024.105.6/ 06_Kirilchuk%2C-Morozova.pdf

RAR RUS 103-112 Samaybekova. Zeynegul Pre- and post-Covid trends in the development of strategic HR management in innovative business structures The current situation in the economy, emerging under the influence of crisis phenomena, and increased competition in the market require innovative business structures to search for new ways to increase the effectiveness and efficiency of their employees. Trends are shaping a new landscape of strategic HR management, where innovative business structures must be prepared for constant change, invest in employee development and maintain adaptability in the changing environment of modern business. The COVID-19 pandemic has forced businesses to rethink work arrangements where remote work has become an integral part of business processes, requiring new HR strategies to ensure efficiency and support teamwork, increasing flexibility and ensuring smooth operations. In conditions of movement restrictions, digital technologies have become the basis for hiring, training, and motivating staff. The use of data analytics for management decision making has also become an integral part of strategic human resources management. Advances in technology and changes in the business environment have created a need to constantly update employee skills. Companies are actively implementing specialized training programs aimed at preparing personnel for new challenges. The goal is to understand the evolution of approaches to HR management in the “pre-Covid” and “post-Covid” periods. The paper considers the main trends in the development of strategic HR management in innovative business structures under the influence of the variability of the external environment caused by the pandemic and its consequences. The development of organizations using information and communication technologies is analyzed, and the dynamics of Internet penetration in Kyrgyzstan for 2013–2021 are presented. Companies actively implemented digital technologies to support business processes under conditions of restrictions, revised their employment models, introducing flexible forms of employment to better respond to changes in the labor market and use resources more efficiently. In this regard, the types of application of crowd technologies in strategic HR management are presented, providing innovative business structures with the opportunity to effectively use the knowledge, experience and creative potential of many people to achieve strategic goals in the era of digital economy. 10.18721/JE.17107 330 trends in strategic personnel management innovative technologies information and communication technologies the Internet crowd technologies innovative business structures https://economy.spbstu.ru/article/2024.105.7/ 07_Samaybekova.pdf

RAR RUS 113-125 Balabenko Elena Borodatskaya Anna Braila Natalia Methodology for assessing construction industry: corporate level Ensuring balanced growth of the economy of the Donetsk People's Republic involves the sustainable development of all its sectors. The basic trigger for increasing the efficiency of the region is to increase the economic efficiency of the construction industry, assessment of the management system, which includes the study of various aspects. At the international, national and regional levels, there are many methods for assessing the index of sustainable development of enterprises. At the same time, there is an acute shortage of tools for assessing the level of sustainable development of companies in the construction industry. This is what determined the relevance and purpose of this study. To achieve this goal, foreign practices of ESG assessment of enterprises were studied based on a systematic approach; conditions and criteria were implemented using the method of structural and logical modeling, and a sequence was presented. The authors developed an ESG rating methodology. The assessment methodology is based on a stage-by-stage approach (includes seven stages of research). At the first stage, the structure of the assessment methodology is determined. The second stage is marked by determining the areas of assessment (social responsibility, the quality of corporate governance, attitude towards the environment, the working environment and occupational safety) and areas of further research. Identifying evaluation indicators at the corporate level is the next stage of the methodology. At the fourth stage, initial data is collected to assess the construction industry at the corporate level. The fifth stage is based on a systemic assessment of the management of the research object. The sixth stage determines the level of sustainable development of the research object. The seventh stage allows us to identify “bottlenecks” of management actions and measures to eliminate them. Based on their methodology, the authors identified what is effective for the territory, as well as the areas and assessment indicators at the corporate level. The conclusions obtained in the future based on the results of testing the methodology will have important managerial consequences and are the basis for all levels of management. 10.18721/JE.17108 69:658.014 construction industry management corporate level ESG rating assessment methodology corporate social responsibility quality of corporate governance attitude to ecology work environment labor safety https://economy.spbstu.ru/article/2024.105.8/ 08_Balabenko%2C-Borodatskaya%2C-Brayla_.pdf

RAR RUS 126-142 Solobneva Maria Sashchenko Anna Improving methods and mechanisms for ensuring economic security of the fishing industry This scientific article of applied nature is based on an analysis of the state of economic security of the fishing industry in the region. One of the most important areas of economic security in the fishing industry is the fight against illegal procurement (catching) of aquatic biological resources (ABR). The purpose of the article is to develop measures to improve methods for ensuring economic security in the fishing industry. The authors analyzed in detail the economic and technological indicators of the fishing industry of the Far Eastern Federal District over a 10-year period, and proved the negative impact of the increase in crime on the economic security of the region. The authors analyzed the dynamics of crimes in the field of illegal procurement of ABR in the Far Eastern Federal District. The work examines the techniques and methods used by enterprises when committing economic offenses in the fishing industry, including exceeding ABR catching quotas, illegal ABR sale, abuse of tax benefits, reducing environmental safety costs, etc. The work contributes to the literature on the issue of ensuring economic security of the region, thanks to the authors’ system for tracking the amount of ABRs caught. The project developed by the authors makes it possible to reduce crimes committed under Art. 256 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation. The authors also presented the organizational and economic mechanism of the proposed measures to improve methods of combating crimes in the fishing industry. In conclusion, the authors assessed the impact of the proposed recommendations on the economic security of the Far Eastern Federal District. They proved that the indicators characterizing the economic situation of the region improve over time, with a decrease in crime in the fishing industry. The article will be of interest to researchers studying the problems of ensuring economic security in the fishing industry. 10.18721/JE.17109 332.1 economic security illegal mining aquatic biological resources economic crimes methods of ensuring economic security fishing industry https://economy.spbstu.ru/article/2024.105.9/ 09_Solobneva%2C-Sashchenko_.pdf