In the article the authors consider the basic mechanisms of interaction between the state and business for the innovative development of Russia, as well as measures of improving the system of state order for priority innovation projects in order to overcome negative consequences of the economic sanctions against the Russian Federation. The article analyzes experiments in the area of providing effectiveness of macroeconomic regulatory mechanisms in the country's economy. The authors propose the mechanisms of interaction between the state and business which are targeted at the creation of the economic environment, in order to ensure the formation of a long-term investment resource in the Russian economy within the framework of public-private partnership. The article validates innovative measures to create a competitive product and realize the priority investment projects which have the status of state order and which ensure the medium-term economic security and independence of the country.