he article describes the main elements of the leading models of human resource management as the American, European and Japanese. Revealed comparative advantage of these elements, the basic direction of their impact on the competitiveness of national economies. The study found that in a developed market economy are the most effective American and Japanese models of human resource management that have made the greatest progress in the development of their national economies and their high competitiveness. Both of these models and their impact on economic performance are subject to the most careful study by academic economists and practitioners.