Development of intelligent transport systems in the Russian Federation: defining requirements and organizing the creation of information security testing grounds

Autonomous vehicle technologies create new opportunities for the development of the economic and social infrastructure of countries and regions. Implementation of smart mobility projects, along with qualitative transformations in the areas of transport and logistics services, is associated with the need to identify and assess the risks of the widespread introduction of autonomous vehicles. The scale and intensity of digital communications in the operation of highly automated vehicles for various purposes expands the scope of road safety. Wireless communication is the main channel of information interaction between dynamic and static objects of an intelligent transport system, which predetermines formation of a specific set of threats. The increase in the risk of electromagnetic disturbances and deliberate impacts on the management of autonomous vehicles brings the analysis of information security issues to the fore. This requires an urgent start to develop new regulatory and technical approaches to road safety. The article presents an analysis of the current state of projects for the creation of national intelligent transport systems. The key characteristics of sources of threats and zones of vulnerability of the technological platform for information interaction of highly automated vehicles have been determined. The key requirements to determine the composition and develop the specification of the tasks of the testing grounds when testing the information security of autonomous vehicles are given. The authors generalized the experience of designing test sites and proposed their version of the process of organizing the development and implementation of such a project. The authors considered the whole range of tasks of verification and validation of the components of an intelligent transport system from the standpoint of ensuring the security of information interaction, taking into account the capabilities of the V2X technology platform in a 5G mobile communications environment. The authors presented recommendations on introducing institutional conditions to regulate the creation and certification of devices and technologies for information interaction of autonomous vehicles in the Russian Federation. The priority of the further research is placed on developing hardware and software solutions and technological regulations (standards) for information security, as well as on forming methods and tools for testing self-driving cars for various purposes in the Russian Federation.