The article considers different approaches to the concept of «economic space» and provides the author's definition of it. The growth dynamics of the gross regional product as an indicator of spatial development is analyzed. Changes in the spatial performance indicators of Russia's economic growth are studied. A high degree of differentiation of the Federal districts of the Russian Federation is inferred, in particular, by the main indicators of business activity, which requires effective public policy. The goal of such policy is to project an innovative scenario of the long-term socio-economic development of Russia until 2030, aimed at reducing regional disparities. Formation of the system of regional clusters at the level of Federal district is suggested.